232 
COMPENDIUM OF GEOGRAPHY AND TRAVEL 
locality. The island is very rich in monkeys, and has 
many peculiar species. The most remarkable, perhaps, 
are the Proboscis monkey ( Presbytes nasutus ), whose long 
and fleshy nose gives it a very man-like aspect, and the 
orang-utan, or “ mias,” of which there are two species, the 
largest being superior in size to all the anthropoid apes 
excepting the gorilla. The mias is abundant in the 
swampy forests of the south, and hardly less so in the 
Company’s territory, and the smaller species is very 
readily domesticated. 
The birds of Borneo show few marked differences 
from those of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula. The 
island has no family confined to it alone, and only a very 
few genera, and even these become steadily reduced as 
our knowledge of the latter countries increases. The 
most notable peculiar genera are Chlamydochcera among 
the Campophagidse, and the striking Lobiophasis among 
the pheasants. Hornbills are very varied, and the island 
may be regarded as the headquarters of the beautiful 
family of the Pittas, or ground-thrushes, and the long¬ 
billed Arachnotheras, or spider-hunters. Mr. Whitehead’s 
late zoological explorations of Kinabalu, during which he 
spent eight months upon the mountain at various alti¬ 
tudes, have added greatly to our knowledge of the 
Bornean fauna, have revealed many new and several 
most striking species, and have shown a marked connec¬ 
tion with the ornis of the Himalayan sub-regions. The 
Sumatran and Peninsular affinities have been confirmed, 
but no special connection with Javanese mountain species 
appears. A slight Celebesian element, however, is re¬ 
vealed by a Dicceum closely allied to a species found 
only in that island, and is strengthened by Mr. White¬ 
head’s discovery of a small rat (Mus musscheribroeki), 
previously only known from Celebes. 
