BORNEO 
241 
attacked and captured by a Spanish force of 6 5 0 infantry 
and artillery, with a squadron of three war-steamers and 
sixteen smaller armed vessels, under the Governor- 
General of the Philippines, and the resistance made will 
show the formidable character of these pirates. The 
Spaniards had 1 officer and 20 men killed, and 10 
officers and 150 men wounded. They stormed four 
redoubts, captured 124 cannon, mostly of small calibre, 
and burnt 150 praus. Pour hundred and fifty of the 
enemy were killed, refusing to take quarter, and 200 
captives rescued from slavery. The forts and houses of 
the inhabitants were levelled to the ground, and in order 
to make the place uninhabitable the coco-palms were cut 
down to the number of between 7000 and 8000.” In 
1879 the Balagnini murdered or kidnapped sixty-five 
people in North Borneo, and have since then committed 
other minor acts of piracy, but it is believed that these 
outrages are now, practically speaking, things of the 
past. 
7. Agriculture and Products. 
Agriculture, as we understand it, is hardly known except 
in those parts of the country where the people have been 
taught by Europeans. Horses and oxen are almost 
unknown among the Dyaks, but buffaloes are very numer¬ 
ous, and are specially suited for work in so marshy a 
country. A good account of the native system of 
cultivation is given by a writer in the Handbook of 
British North Borneo. “ A piece of ground is selected— 
usually one that has undergone the same treatment a 
few years previously—the felling and clearing is conducted 
in the usual manner, after which Indian corn and paddy 
(rice) are planted simultaneously. Ploughs and hoes are 
R 
