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265 
who are almost the sole consumers. It has been found 
better to make it a private monopoly than to retain it in 
the hands of the Government. There is also a poll-tax, 
from which the reserve forces are exempt. The other 
chief returns are from mining royalties, customs, excise, 
etc. The revenue for 1890 was $413,112, and the 
expenditure $362,778. 
The tribes and peoples inhabiting Sarawak are various. 
The Malays proper abound most at the capital, Kuching, 
with a few settled on the banks of almost every river 
and creek. The Chinese are also chiefly settled at 
Kuching, and at the gold mines up the river. Others 
are at the Marup mines on the Batang Lupar, and they 
are found as petty traders everywhere. The “ Land 
Dyaks ” occupy Lundu and the interior of the Sarawak 
and Sadong river-basins, while the “ Sea Dyaks ” inhabit 
the country eastward. The Milanaus are settled at the 
mouths of the Bejang, Bintulu, and several of the smaller 
rivers. Several tattooed tribes known as Kanowits, 
Pakitans, Pengs, and Punans live inland in the Bejang 
and Bintulu districts, and beyond them are the Kayans, 
who have been already alluded to. The population of 
Sarawak can only be roughly estimated, for some little 
portion of the country is still unknown, but it is probably 
between 350,000 and 400,000. 
There is both a Church of England and Boman 
Catholic Mission in Sarawak. The Episcopal See of 
“ Singapore, Labuan, and Sarawak ” comprises all the 
Straits settlements, as well as the protected States of 
Borneo, and there were in 1892 twelve English mis¬ 
sionaries in the Baja’s territory, besides Chinese. Large 
boys’ and girls’ schools are established at Kuching, and 
religious and lay instruction is afforded at all the mission 
stations. Many churches and chapels are already built. 
