CELEBES 
283 
The average annual rainfall of Makassar is 128 inches, 
and that of Menado 107 inches. 
5. Fauna and Flora. 
The botany of Celebes is not yet well known. Recent 
collections from the northern peninsula indicate a con¬ 
siderable affinity with the Philippine group, and many of 
the coast plants are identical with those of the adjacent 
islands, but it is probable from what is known of the 
flora that it is distinct and peculiar. Of its zoology we 
have much more knowledge, and we find that its animals 
—considering the central position of the island—are 
wonderfully peculiar. 
Taking first its mammalia, we find that Celebes differs 
broadly from Borneo and Sumatra in having no tailed 
monkeys, no insectivora, no feline or canine animals, no 
elephant, rhinoceros, or tapir. It has only five large, 
and eleven or twelve small, terrestrial quadrupeds. The 
former are—(1) A large black tailless baboon or ape; 
(2) a deer; (3) a remarkable small wild buffalo, resembling 
an antelope (.Anoa depressicornis ) ; (4) a wild pig ; (5) the 
babirusa or “ horned pig.” The smaller animals are— 
the tarsier (one of the lemurs); a civet - cat; five 
squirrels; two rats; and two kinds of cuscus, a mar¬ 
supial opossum-like creature. These animals may be 
divided into three groups. Some, as the deer, the civet, 
and the tarsier, are identical with species of Borneo and 
the western islands; and, as all are kept as domestic 
pets by the Malays, they may have been introduced, and 
have escaped from captivity. Others, as the wild pig, 
the squirrels, and the rats, are peculiar species, but are 
allied to those of Borneo and Java, and thus indicate a 
more distant period of immigration. Others again, as 
