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COMPENDIUM OF GEOGRAPHY AND TRAVEL 
6. Native Races. 
From what has been said of the extreme antiquity of 
Celebes, and the peculiarity and isolation of its animals, 
it might be expected that some equally peculiar tribes of 
mankind might be found here, or even some relic of 
primeval man. But it must be remembered that man is 
pre-eminently a migrating and an aggressive animal, the 
higher or more energetic races constantly displacing the 
lower or less physically powerful; so that his present 
distribution may have little relation to the ancient his¬ 
tory of the countries he inhabits. It is highly probable 
that a low and primitive race did once inhabit Celebes; 
but if so, it has, so far as we know, completely dis¬ 
appeared, and the whole island is now occupied by many 
distinct tribes in various stages of civilisation, but all 
belonging to the Malayan race. They may be roughly 
classed into two groups—the Mohammedan semi-civilised 
tribes, and the Pagans, who are more or less savages. 
The former read and write, and mostly have peculiar 
alphabetic characters; they have fixed governments, 
regular clothing, and are considerably advanced in agri¬ 
culture and the arts, being, in fact, the equals of the 
true Malays and the Javanese. The latter are more or 
less complete savages, without writing or fixed govern¬ 
ments, usually with imperfect bark clothing, and without 
the arts of weaving or working metals. 
The most important of the Mohammedan peoples are 
the Bugis, the Mandars, and the Makassars. The Bugis 
occupied originally only the district of Boni in the 
southern peninsula, but have now extended over a consider¬ 
able area. They are composed of many tribes, of which 
the Waju are the most powerful, and are governed by in- 
