NEW GUINEA. AND THE PAPUANS 
391 
Araucaria , Styphelicc , etc., which are found only in 
Australia and New Guinea. The island may, however, 
be said to have a well-marked individuality in its plants, 
as it has in its birds. Baron von Muller, reporting on 
the highland species gathered during Sir William Mac- 
gregor’s expedition to the summit of the Owen Stanley 
range, records that of the eighty plants obtained in the 
highest altitudes nearly half the number seem to be 
endemic. Of these nineteen are of Himalayan type 
(Rhododendrons, Vacciniums, etc.) Two represent new 
genera—one allied to the exclusively Italian Nananthea , 
the other to the Australian and chiefly alpine Trocho- 
carpa. Four plants are identical with species found on 
Mount Kina Balu in Borneo. Certain species occurring 
in England, yet not cosmopolitan, were also found, among 
them Taraxacum officinale, Scirpus ccespitosus, Lycopodium 
clavatum , Hymenophyllum Tunbridgense, and the common 
male fern. Arboreal vegetation was found to cease at 
11,500 feet. On Mount Douglas and other mountains 
of the range a cypress (. Libocedrus Papuana ) constitutes the 
principal forests. The Arfak Mountains have yielded a 
very similar flora. What the lofty summits of the as yet 
unascended Charles Louis range will afford the botanist 
is one of the many interesting problems of New Guinea, 
but it is possible that the 5000 feet by which they are 
supposed to exceed the Owen Stanley Mountains may 
yield much that has not been found on the latter. In 
Northern New Guinea the Australian connection is very 
little marked. Thus the Germans have not yet recorded 
any species of eucalyptus, though this genus is known in 
Misol Island; and only one acacia, one of the most 
marked of Australian forms. 
The zoology of New Guinea is at present far better 
known than its botany, and is exceedingly interesting; 
