SILICIFIED PLANTS—UPLIFTED STRATA. 
49 
succeeded by granitic or other hard rocks beyond. It was not possible to determine whether the 
strata of these hills were all upraised ; the soil was deep and generally obscured the rocks. 
On reaching the outlet of a small brook or rivulet, coming in from the mountains at the south 
through a slight valley between the hills at the eastern end of the pass, we turned up and en¬ 
camped a short distance above. The rivulet did not flow far below its source, in a spring just 
above the camp, but there was an abundance of water and grass, and oak trees, most of them 
the evergreen variety, with the spinous leaves and slender, pointed acorns, (Quercus agrifolia.) 
The hills, at the point where we turned and entered the valley, appeared to consist of upraised 
sandstone alone ; but higher up, a red eruptive rock, trappean and amygdaloidal, made its ap¬ 
pearance in extensive outcrops. It appears to form both sides of the valley. 
A large outcrop of sandstone strata is found not over two hundred yards from the northern 
margin of this volcanic rock. They trend northeast and southwest, and dip at the angle of 54 
sr 55 degrees, and in one place present bluff edges favorable for obtaining a sectional view. 
A portion of this section, about six hundred feet in length, is represented in the annexed cut. 
SECTION OF SANDSTONE STRATA NEAR CAMP. 
a Bed of flint, probably fossiliferous. b Silicified stems of plants. 
The strata consist of coarse-grained, light-colored sandstones, containing pebbles and layers 
of conglomerate, made up of fragments of granite and volcanic rocks of various shades of texture 
and color. Some of the pebbles are red, and others have a delicate lilac tint, with numerous 
imbedded crystals of white feldspar. 
At the point marked (a) in the figure there is a thin bed of rock containing small fragments 
or masses of dark flint, probably fossiliferous. A short distance from this, at the point marked 
(6), a bed, five or six feet thick, appears, which is filled with silicified organizations similar to 
those found in the boulder on Posuncula river. (See Chap. IV.) This bed was almost wholly 
formed of the fossils ; they were of various sizes and thickly pressed together. 1 This stratum 
was succeeded by one of dark flint, three feet thick, beyond which the coarse sandstone again 
appeared. This sandstone does not present any distinct evidences of metamorphism, but it is 
more compact and consolidated than other outcrops farther removed from the intruded rocks. 
The trend of the outcrops of fossiliferous flint did not correspond with that of the strata of the 
higher part of the outcrop ; it was more northerly, probably being less than 25° east of north. 
The dip, also, although greatly obscured and not favorably shown, appeared to be different, 
being at a greater angle, nearly vertical, or inclined slightly to the west. It is possible that 
the strata in this outcrop dip in two directions, forming a synclinal axis ; but, as it was not 
possible to determine this during the short time in which they were examined, they are repre¬ 
sented in the section as dipping in the same direction. 
During our stay at this camp two bears were seen, and one came nearly to the spring to 
drink, but, seeing one of the party, hastily retreated through the bushes. 
October 4.—On returning to the Tejon, through the Canada, the rocks were more thoroughly 
examined, and the valley of the pass was followed, instead of traversing the hills near the salt 
lake. An outcrop of sandstone along the trail, and about two miles from the camp, is chiefly 
1 Nearly all the specimens from this bed were lost. 
1 F 
