CACTACE/E. 
3 
5. E. Emoryi, Engelm. in Emory’s Report, 1848: globosus, costis 13 tuberculatis, tuberculis 
prominentibus obtusis distantibus; areolis ovatis; aculeis subaequalibus robustis annulatis sub- 
compressis recurvatis s. rectiusculis fuscis versus apicem corneis, radialibus 7 (lateralibus 6, 
singulo inferiore breviore) s. addito summo rarius 8 ; centrali singulo teretipre paulo longiore 
robustioreque, porrecto s. demum deflexo curvato s. subuncinato. (Plate III, fig. 3.) 
Collected west of the Colorado, in the valley of the Mojave, mixed with E. Polycephalus, and 
therefore not further noted. The only specimen preserved is 9 inches in diameter, sub-globose, 
below contracted, pear-shaped, or almost stiped. 
On the lower part of the plant the areolae are elevated on distinct ovate or sub-cylindric 
tubercles, which higher up become connected in 8 and on the upper part of the plant in 13 ribs • 
tubercles on this part of plant inch in height and diameter; areolm H inch distant, inch 
long, a little less wide; the floral areolae smaller, closely connected with the former, separated 
from it by 1-3 sub-globose glandular bodies, half or mostly hidden in the tomentum. Radial 
spines 1^-2 inches long; the four upper lateral ones longer and stouter, the two lower ones 
more slender; the lowest spine the shortest, (1-11 inch long,) secured like the others, or rarely 
hooked, similar to the shape of that spine in E. Viridescens'. 
An eighth upper radial spine, similar to the others, is sometimes observed. The stouter cen¬ 
tral spine is about 2 inches long, at the point strongly recurved, or often almost hooked. Spines 
of a reddish-brown color, lighter horn-colored, and somewhat transparent at tip. 
This is probably the plant collected and figured by Major William H. Emory, in General 
Kearny’s expedition to California in the fall of 1846, and then named after him. We collected 
only one young specimen, probably on the Lower Colorado, from which this description is taken. 
Mr. Schott has found the plant abundantly south of the Gila river, and it is known to extend 
to the Gulf of California. We procured a large specimen in San Franqisco, (said to have been 
brought from Guaymas,) which is now flourishing in the public garden at Washington. This 
species has, when full grown, a height of 3 and a diameter of 2 feet, and 18-21 ribs. The large 
flowers are deep red, similar in form to those of E. Wislizeni. 
6. E. polycephalus (sp. nov.): globosus, demum ovatus cylindricusque multiceps, (e basi 
ramosus,) vertice dense tomentoso, costis 13-21 acutis ; areolis ovate-orbiculatis junioribus 
tomentosissimis ; aculeis 8-12 robustissimis compressis annulatis plus minus recurvatis juniori" 
bus puberulis cinereo rubellis apice nudatis rubicundis ; aculeis radialibus 4-8 infimo deficiente, 
superioribus si extant gracilioribus ; centralibus 4 robustissimis 4-angulatis compressis, superi- 
ore latiore suberecto s. sursum curvato, inferiore longiore decurvo ; floribus in vertice congestis; 
ovario lana nivea ex axillis sepalorum 90-100 linearium demum spinescentium orta densissime 
vestito, sepalis tubi infundibuliformis 100-120 lineari-lanceolats aculeato-aristatis purpurascen- 
bus, interioribus margine petaloideis, petalis laciniato-fimbriatis laerbacea-aristatis sub-30 flavis, 
stigmatibus 8-11 linearibus acutis; bacca globosa sicca flore coronata, lana densa involuta; 
seminibus magnis irregulariter angulatis minutim (sub lente) verrucosis, opacis. (PI. Ill, 
fig. 4-6.) 
Stoney and gravelly hills and dry beds of torrents from 20 miles west of the Rio Colorado to 
about 150 miles westward up tbe Mojave ; found in fruit in the beginning of March. This 
distinguished species is simple only when quite young ; even the small globose plants show 
several heads from one base, and older cylindric stems have as many as 20 or 30 heads, all 
pretty nearly of the same size ; the globose ones are 6-9 inches in diameter ; the ovate heads 
are 12-15 inches high by 8-10 in diameter, and the largest cylindric stems seen were 2-2^ 
high by less than a foot in diameter. The number of ribs varies, in old specimens it is 
generally 21. Areolae about half an inch in diameter, and | inch distant from one another; 
floral areolae smaller, without the ligneous glandular organs noticed in others. The spines in 
a young 5-ribbed living specimen before us are 7 radial and 1 central one ; very soon, however, 
the 4 upper larger spines become central and 4 lower spines are arranged radially ; even in old 
