BOTANY. 
91 
furnished with a small caruncle at the mieropyle. Fruit subglobose, about a line and a half 
in diameter. There can be little doubt of the affinities of this interesting plant. Notwith¬ 
standing some of its anomalies, it must be referred to the suborder Hydrangeas of Saxifragacem. 
In Eremosyne of Saxifragem proper the cells of the ovary are one ovuled ; also in Aphanopetalum, 
and in the new genus Spirasanthemum 1 of the suborder Cunoniaceas. The hairs, especially 
those of the leaves, exhibit the same muricate-scabrous appearance that occurs in those of 
Deutzia, Philadelphus, Fendlera, and other genera of Hydrangeas. It is somewhat difficult to 
determine the asstivation of the petals of this genus, as the flower is open while the bud is yet 
very young ; but in one or two instances they were slightly overlapping. We dedicate this new 
genus to the accomplished commander of the expedition. 
UMBELLIFERiE. 
Eryngium diffusum, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York , 2, p. 207, dt in Marcy’s Report, t. 6. 
Prairies on the False Washita ; August. The root appears to be annual. 
Sanicula bipinnata, Hook. & Am. Rot. Beechey , p, 347 ; Torr. & Gray, FI. 1, p. 603. Hill¬ 
sides, Martinez, California, April 23, (with mature fruit.) The heads or umbellets are about 
3 lines in diameter, on long slender rays. Pedicels of the sterile flowers shorter than the fruit. 
Root fusiform. 
Sanicula bipinnatifida, Dougl. in Hook. FI. Bor.-Amer. 1, p. 258, t. 92 ; Torr. & Gray , 
FI. 1. c. Cocomungo, San Francisco and Benicia ; March and April. This is rather a com¬ 
mon plant in California and Oregon. 
Sanicula tuberosa (sp. nov.): caule gracili e tubero globoso ; foliis pinnatisectis, segmentis 
angustis pinnatifidis inciso serratis vel dentatis ; foliolis involucralibus profunde trifidis, laciniis 
plerumque dentatis ; floribus sterilibus longe pedicellatis ; calycis tubo tuberculato. Hill-sides, 
Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; April—May. Tuber half an inch in diameter, fleshy and 
farinaceous. Stem (fructiferous) 12-14 inches high, moderately branching. The primary 
divisions of the leaves are rather ternate than pinnate. The secondary ones are pinnately and 
deeply cut, with pinnatifid or sometimes finely dissected segments. Umbels compound, or 
sometimes decompound ; the rays seldom more than two, unequal. Heads nearly half an inch 
in diameter. Sterile flowers 15-20, on pedicels 3-4 lines long. Fertile flowers 1-5, sessile. 
Calyx-tube in fruit covered with conical obtuse tubercles, which are not at all hooked at the point. 
Teeth of the calyx lanceolate. Styles elongated, recurved. This remarkable species was first 
collected by Colonel Fremont in 1844 on the American river, and afterwards on the upper 
waters of the Sacramento, but without fruit. The specimens of Dr. Bigelow have the fruit not 
quite mature, but fully formed, and yet without any appearance of prickles ; instead of which 
there are rather soft tubercles. In all the other North American species of Sanicula the calyx- 
tube, in its youngest state, shows the uncinate prickles distinctly. Our plant most resembles 
S. bipinnata, but is distinguisued by its long-stalked sterile flowers and unarmed fruit. 
Sanicula Menziesii, Hook. & Am. Bot. Beech., p. 142 & 347 ; Hook. FI. Bor.-Amer. 1, 
p. 258, t . 90 ; Torr. & Gray, FI. 1. c. Hill-sides, San Francisco and Martinez, April; in 
flower and fruit. 
Sanicula laciniata, Hook. & Am. 1. c.; Torr. & Gray, l. c. /?. nudicaulis, Hook. & Am. 1. c.; 
Torr. & Gray, l. c. Hill-sides, Napa valley, California; April 27, with flower and young 
fruit. S. nudicaulis can hardly be regarded as more than a variety of S. laciniata ; the chief 
difference being the less finely cut leaves of the latter. 
Sanicula arctopoides, Hook. & Am. 1. c.; Hook. FI. Bor.-Amer. 1, p. 258. t. 91 ; Torr. & 
Gray, l. c. San Francisco, April 3. 
Apium graveolens, Linn.; DC. Prodr. 4, p. 101; Hook. & Am. Bot. Beechey, p. 142. The 
1 Gray, Botany of the United States Exploring Expedition, 1, p. 666. 
