114 
BOTANY. 
and small calyculate ones. Flowers numerous. Achenia only 3 lines long, terete and strongly 
10-ribbed in the manner of the genus, narrowed at the base, very slightly contracted underneath 
the large and truncate summit, the inner ones scabrous on the ribs. Paleae of the pappus of a 
firm scarious texture, overlying each other in a convolute manner, or else imbricated, a line and 
a half long, and of equal breadth, whitish, appressed-puberulent or scabrous externally (at 
least the exterior ones) as in Eucalais generally, entire, or erose-denticulate near the summit, 
where the thick midnerve is abruptly produced into a long and rather stout arwn. This is well 
distinguished by the pappus, &c., from any one yet described, and is most nearly related to an 
unpublished species (C. platycarpha) found by Dr. Parry at San Luis Rey, of which better 
materials are wanted, but which appears to be clearly distinguished by the larger palem of the 
pappus, tipped with very short arwns. Both in the achenia and the pappus C. cyclocarpha 
makes an approach to Scorzonella. 
Calais (Apeanocalais) tenella (sp. nov.): annua, scaposa, fere glabra; foliis linearibus in- 
fegerrimis et laciniato-pinnatifidis scapo filiform! subaequilongis ; capitulo 8-12-floro; involucre 
calyculato, squamis lanceolatis obtusiusculis; acheniis conformibus glabris oblongo-clavatis 
erostratis, areola terminali parva ; pappo aut nullo aut saspius e paleis 1-5 brevissimis lato- 
deltoideis in aristam tenuem nudam iisdem multoties longiorem productis decidius. (Tab. 
XVII.) Napa Valley, California, in plains and grassy places; May. (On the Sacramento river, 
Rev. Mr. Fitch.') Plant about a span high, slender, glabrous. Head nodding before anthesis. 
Involucre 3 lines long, of I to 10 equal scales, and of 5 or 6 minute calyculate scales. Corolla 
yellow. Achenia nearly 2 lines long, narrowed at the base, not at all contracted towards the 
summit, strongly 10-ribbed, the ribs upwardly scabrous, the apex obtuse, but not truncate, the 
terminal areola being much smaller than the diameter of the achenium. Some of the achenia 
are destitute of pappus, at least in many specimens ; others in the same head bear from one to 
four, or sometimes five, capillary, barely scabrous arwns, which are abruptly dilated at the base 
into a very short and broad palea, just as in Scorzonella laciniata. So that this connects Scor¬ 
zonella, and the following connects Ptilophora, with Calais. 
Calais (Anacalais) sylyatica. Scorzonella sylvatica, Benth. PI. Hartio. No. 1815, p. 320. 
Sonora, California ; on hills ; May. The slender but sometimes fusiform-thickened root is that 
of a biennial. Pappus sordid, of 6 to 9, or more commonly 10 paleas; the long arwns strongly 
barbellate,(galmost plumose. The leaves in these specimens are scarcely, if at all, pinnatifid. 
On Mark West’s creek, April 30, in low wet places, was gathered a specimen of what may (on 
account of an intermediate form gathered by Dr. Stillman) be received as a variety of this 
species, with the involucral scales all lanceolate and taper-pointed, and the arwns of the pappus 
less strongly barbellate. 
Rafinesquia Neo-Mexicana, Gray, PI. Wright. 2, p. 103. Gravelly hills of the Rio Colorado; 
February. In the single specimen the rays of the pappus are only 8, or even sometimes fewer. 
Stepeanomeria minor, Nutt, in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 7, p. 427. Plains, between 
the Canadian and the Rio Grande, New Mexico ; September, This and S. runcinata are doubt¬ 
less the same. 
Lygodesmia juncea, Don; Hook, FI. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 295, t. 103. Buffalo plains, Upper 
Canadian ; September. 
Pyrrhopappus Carolinianus, DO. Prodr. 7, p. 144. Beavertown, Arkansas ; and on the 
grassy bottoms of the Rio Grande, New Mexico. 
Macroreynceus retrorsus, Benth. PI. Eartw. No. 1817, p. 320. Hill-sides, Sonora, Cali¬ 
fornia ; May. Plant stouter than Hartweg’s specimens, and the fully developed head larger, 
but otherwise the same. Stems a foot high. Head from an inch to an inch and a half, or in 
fruit two inches long, cylindraceous, or at length cylindrical; the scales of the involucre all 
acute, somewhat tinged with purple; the exterior short, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, obscurely 
foliaceons above. Achenia all alike, oblong, smooth, and glabrous, wingless, acutely ribbed 
