140 
BOTANY. 
cylindrical rather shorter than the cotyledons. This little urticaceous plant seems to have been 
overlooked hitherto. It resembles Boehmeria, but differs in the inflorescence, pencilliform 
stigma, and in some other characters. It is still more nearly related to the East Indian genus 
Pouzolzia, which differs in the “stigma elongatum,” and in the fructiferous calyx being 
“ accretum vel 2-4-alatum.” Tbe babit is also different: Pouzolzia consisting of perennial 
shrubs, or under shrubs, with entire leaves. 
CONIFERS. 
Ephedra antisiphilitica, Berland.; Endl. Syn. Conif. p. 263. On hills between the Canadian 
and the Pecos, also along Williams’ Fork, (not in flower.) 
Taxus brevifolia, Nutt. Sylv. 3. p. 86, t. 108. T. baccata, Hook. FI. Bor.-Am. 2, p. 161, 
(ex parte.) T. Lindleyana, Murray in Edinb. Phil. Mag. April , 1855. Mammoth Grove, and 
hill-sides near Downieville ; May. A small tree in California, but in Oregon it sometimes 
occurs 60 feet high, with a trunk 2 or 3 feet in diameter. We follow Mr. Nuttall in separating 
the Yew of the Northwest coast from the Taxus baccata of Europe. We have not, however, 
found the differences pointed out by Mr. Nuttall to be constant. The leaves are not always 
shorter than in the European species, and in T. Canadensis ; nor are they flatter than in the 
other species, and the male aments, when fully grown, are quite as large as in the Canadian 
Yew. The chief character in which T. brevifolia differs from T. baccata is the cuspidate 
leaves of the former. From T. Canadensis it is distinguished by its upright stem. 
Torreya Californica, Torr. in Neio York Jour. Pharm. 3, p. 49. T. Myristica, Hook. Bot. 
Mag. t. 4180. Tokeloma Creek, near Tomales Bay; April 11, (male flower.) This is the 
famous California Nutmeg. It was first made known to North American botanists by the late 
Mr. Shelton, who travelled extensively in California. For a description of the plant, we refer 
to the works here quoted, and to Dr. Bigelow's report on the trees collected on the expedition.* 
Sequoia sempervirens, Endl. Syn. Conif. p. 198. Taxodium sempervirens, Lamb. Pin. ( ed. 2,) 
2, t. 64 ; Gray , in Sill. Jour. (2 d ser .) 18, p. 150. Mountains near Oakland. The popular 
name of this tree in California is Redwood. Dr. Bigelow has given some interesting details 
respecting it in his special report. 
Sequoia gigantea, Torr. in Sill. Jour. 1. c. Wellingtonia gigantea, Lindl. Gardner’s 
Chronicle , Dec. 1853, p. 820 and 823; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4111 and 4118. A full account of 
this monarch of the Californian forest will be found in Dr. Bigelow’s report, and in the 
Botanical Magazine, 1. c. We have shown that in this tree, as well as in S. sempervirens, the 
leaves are dimorphous, as they are in many species of Juniperus. We have proved, also, that 
there is no generic difference between tbe two trees. The male aments of S. gigantea, which 
were not known to Bindley and Hooker, prove to be in all respects like those of S. sempervirens. 
S. gigantea, of Endlicher, (1. c.,) which is founded on Taxodium sempervirens, Hook. & Am. 
Bot. Beech. Hook. 1c. t. 319, (not of Humboldt,) has been ascertained by Hooker to be a 
species of Abies, (A. bracteata, Bot. Mag. t. 4640.) 
Libocedrus decurrens, Torr. in Smithson. Contrib. 6. p. 1. t. 3. Hills, Duffield’s Ranch, 
Sierra Nevada. Called White Cedar in California. It is in Hartweg’s California Collection. 
Dr. Bigelow, in his report, states that the fruit is pendulous, and is incorrectly represented as 
erect in the plate just quoted ; but in most of his own specimens the cones are erect. 
Pinus edulis, Engelm. in Wisliz. Beg), p. 88; Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. go. 113, t. 20. Rocky places 
on the Llano Estacado ; also near Hurrah Creek, New Mexico ; September 20 ; with ripe seeds. 
Near Bill Williams’ Mountain ; January 5. A tree 40-50 feet high, called Pihon by the 
Mexicans, and Nut Pine by American travellers. It is found from 150 miles east of the Rio 
Grande to the Cajon Pass of the Sierra Nevada. How far it occurs to the southward we have 
* Dr. Kellogg-, of San Francisco, says that it sometimes attains the height of eighty feet, with a trunk 12-15 inehes in diameter. 
