COMPARISON OF STRATA FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES. 
95 
where the foot hills run out into promontories, which, before the, denudation, stretched across 
the present valley to the Panza hills ; these promontories come off from the main ridge, like 
the teeth of a comb, and are themselves merely fragments denuded. On examining the strata 
of these terraced promontories near the edge of this valley, they are found to dip away from 
the valley and toward the range of which they seem to he a part; from one of these was obtained 
some of the finest specimens of the asterodajosis of a larger size than those found in Santa 
Margarita valley ; accompanying it was the scutella subrotunda , the pec ten, and ostrea; the dip 
of these layers was 15° southwest. On another promontory, about a half a mile up from the 
valley, yellow clay rock containing the same fossil scale impressions as that found on the 
shore at the Gaviote, and also found on the west side of the San Jose. The green agatic quartz 
riband layers found in Santa Margarita valley were not found here. 
The exploration of the Panza hills proved to he very interesting; their sandstone, less 
inclined than either those of Santa Margarita or Santa Inez, allowed of a comparison not 
admitted by the others. The continuity and relative position of these beds could he better 
studied there than in any other locality. Here was first observed the angular crested gypseous 
sandstones repeated at Santa Inez, and here was observed the relative position of the ostrea 
and echinoderm beds similar to those of Santa Margarita, with the softer clays and beds asso¬ 
ciated with bitumen along shore, and including polythalamous layers. Much that was doubtful 
was thus removed, and the relative position of these tertiary beds was thus determined to stand 
in this order from above downwards : 
A. Fine yellow slates ; soft argillitic layers, with area obispoana ; bituminous sand rock, with 
polythalamous layers. 
B. Yellow sandstones, with pallium, ostrea, hinnites, and echinoderm. 
C. Brown and yellow grits; sandstones, conglomerates, gypsiferous and ferruginous; the 
upper beds including the dosinia of San Antonio. 
D. Coarse grits and green conglomerates of serpentine and jaspery quartz. 
The last bed, so distinctly marked on the San Jose and Santa Lucia ranges, was not observed 
represented on Panza hills, in which circumstance it resembled Santa Inez range. 
A section of Panza hill is given in fig. 3, plate 2, and the fossiliferous beds on plate 2, fig. 5. 
South of the larger Panza hill, a few miles along the valley, a dyke of augitic rock of a 
dark green compact structure was observed running north 80° east, and converting the sand¬ 
stone into a hard micaceous rock in its neighborhood ; the strata dipped in every direction near 
it, and even the gneiss rock was slightly disturbed from its usual easterly dip. A folding 
together of the sandstones was observed not far from this on the river side, causing a partial ' 
synclinal axis, which may, perhaps, have been produced by the upheaval of the Panza granite 
at a date subsequent to the elevation of the San Jose rock. 
The bed of the Estrella river, at Panza, displays a series of terraces on the hills on either 
side precisely similar to those on the Santa Maria, although necessarily on a much smaller 
scale. 
The fossils found in the strata on the sides of the valley were the following, the names and 
descriptions of which have been supplied by Mr. Conrad : 
1. Ostrea Titan 
2. Ostrea Panzana. 
3. Pecten discus. 
4. Pecten Heermmi. 
5. Pallium Estrellensis. 
6. Spondyhis Estrellensis. 
7. Cyclas permacra. 
8. Oyclas Estrellensis. 
9. Glycimeris Estrellensis. 
10. Balanus Estrellensis. 
11. Astrodapsis Antiselli. 
12. Scutella Subrotunda. 
