CHAPTER XXX. 
OEDEll OF POSITION OF CALIFOENIAN STEATA. 
Unconsolidated . 
Modern alluvium.—Soil of valleys—present river bottoms. 
Ancient alluvium.—Terraces of river beds, raised beaches, deep valley clays, and upper drift; 
thickness, 400—500 feet. 
Consolidated. 
MIOCENE. 
UPPER. 
A. —Bituminous and foraminiferous beds ; trappean conglomerate; soft yellow sand¬ 
stone ; foraminiferous layers ; argillite beds. 400 feet. 
MIDDLE. 
B. —Grits and calcareous sandstones, as at Panza and Santa Margarita. 360 “ 
C. —San Antonio sandstones, with dosinia, &c. 250 “ 
LOWER. 
D. —Gypseous and ferruginous sandstones of Santa Inez, Panza, and Gavilan, con¬ 
taining ostrea, turritella, &c. 1,200 u 
Total thickness of Miocene strata. 2,211 “ 
Metamorphic limestones of Gavilan, &c. 400 11 
Primary schists, gneiss, and talcose slates. 1,500 “ 
Total thickness of strata. 4,111 “ 
