76 
VOCABULARIES OF NORTH AMERICAN LANGUAGES. 
SHOSHONE E.- 
-Continued. 
VII. Comanche. 
VIII. Chemehuevi. 
IX. Caiiuillo. 
I went this way. 
AVhere are you going ? 
It is raining... 
It is going to rain. 
It almost rains. 
i'-bo-ne-ha-mia 
n ’ na-ha'-ca-po-mia-ai 
er'-ma-io 
er'-math-kin 
em-ho'-mia 
Red river. 
Canadian river. 
Names of Chiefs. 
Crooked Stick. 
Big Belly. 
Coon Breast. 
E'-cow-o-que 
Tu-so-ho-o-qui, or Pas'-i-ho- 
no 
Eh/-co 
Bi-a-bis'-po-ca-te 
Pah'-doh-co-nin'-nup 
Remarks. 
The natives who speak these languages belong to the great Shoshonee, or Snake family: 
which comprehends the Shoshonees proper, of Southern Oregon; the Utahs, in the region 
around the Great Salt lake; and then, extending south and west, the Pah-Utahs, west of the 
Colorado, and the Indians of the Missions of Southern California, the Kizh (of San Gabriel), the 
Netela (of San Juan Capestrano), and the Kechi (of San Luis Rey) ; and on the south and east, 
the Comanches of the prairies. 
The Comanches (called also Hietans, or Ietans, and Paducas) range from the sources of the 
Brazos and Colorado rivers of Texas, over the great prairies of the AVest, stretching from the 
Indian territory to the spurs of the mountains that hound the valley of the Rio del Norte, and 
as far north as the upper waters of the Arkansas. Their chief dependence is on the buffalo, 
and with these animals they roam from south to north in the spring, and from north to south 
in the autumn. According to Lieutenant AVhipple, they are on friendly terms with the Lipans, 
Huecos, Hainais, Kichais, AVitchitas, and Tancoways, and all range together. They fear the 
Osages. 
The first Comanche vocabulary published was that of Mr. Bollaert, printed in the second 
volume of the Journal of the London Ethnological Society. It consists only of some translated 
proper names, and the numerals as far as tiventy. Other and much fuller vocabularies have 
since been published by Berghaus, Schoolcraft, and Marcy. That of Mr. AVhipple was taken 
down at Beavertown, on the Canadian river, from the dictation of an intelligent Cherokee, 
named Jesse Chisholm, a man well acquainted with the neighboring tribes and their languages. 
From the phrases appended to the vocabulary, no definite conclusion can be drawn. They pro¬ 
bably contain many inaccuracies. 
The Chemehuevis are a band of Pah-Utahs, (called Pa-Yutes, Pai-Utes, Piutes, Pinches, cfc.,) 
i. e. “Utahs of the River,” of whose language, a vocabulary, obtained from the chief of the 
band, is here for the first time made public. It agrees most nearly with Simpson’s Utah, and 
Hale’s East Shoshonee. 
The Cahuillos (or Ca-wi'-os) .—Of these a rancheria was met with near the Pacific, between 
the sources of the San Gabriel and Santa Anna. The vocabulary was obtained from an old 
Indian who had lived with the priests at San Luis Rey until the breaking up of the mission. 
It exhibits the closest affinity to the Kechi and Netela, especially the former. Its affinity to 
the Kizh is equally evident. The following comparative table will make this plain. The Kechi 
