VOCABULARIES OF NORTH AMERICAN LANGUAGES. 
83 
APACHE.—Continued. 
XI. Navajo. 
XII. Pinal Leno. 
XI. Navajo. 
XII. Pinal Leno. 
E*\t 
Bring water_ 
tai-to 
Como se llama ?_ 
ti'-dow-ol-ge' 
Pinal. 
Del-chid-dee-gil-lay 
Cibolo_ 
Pis-is-chit 
Go 
ca-de'-na-is-ta' 
Pueblo de Moqui_ 
hut-kin-go 
Rio Grande_ 
Kay-ee 
Sit 
Rio Gila_ 
Kay-eel-chow 
Rio San Pedro_ 
Tooch-o-sayer 
Rio Colorado_ 
Tool-chee-air 
Agua Pinta_ 
Toos-eel-hec 
Sierra Grande_ 
Sid-in-tell 
Spa 
Sierra Blanca_ 
Cliid-lee-casa-an' 
Love. 
a-lia'-la-ni 
Pleiades (seven stars)- 
Ais-lat-as-char-ah' 
Kill 
Principal chief (name).... 
Ash-inc-cou'-ah 
Walk .. 
ha no-nuh' 
Secondprin’l chief (name). 
Natch-tai-tish 
Remarks. 
Both the Navajos and Pinal Lenos are subdivisions of the great Apache nation, which 
may be said, in general terms, to occupy, or rather to roam over, the triangular space included 
between the pueblos of New Mexico, the river Colorado, and the Gila; besides which, they 
extend far down into the province of Chihuahua, and almost to the Gulf of Mexico. They 
seem to have acted as an obstacle to the southern descent of the Shoshonee tribes, who stretch 
away on either side, the Pah-Yutes and Mission Indians on the west, and the Comanches on 
the east. As the Coco-Maricopa word for “man” is apache or ee-pache, and as the native term 
for “man” is often converted into the proper name of an Indian tribe, Mr. Gallatin concluded 
that the Coco-Maricopas belonged to the Apache stock. Now, however, that we have the 
means of comparing the languages of the two peoples, this is shown not to be the case. Hence 
it appears that the name Apache did not originate with the nation to whom it is applied, but 
was adopted by the Spaniards from the Yuma tribes. 
The Navajos (or Navahoes), called by the Spanish writers Apaches de Nabajoa, ‘‘ arc a powerful 
tribe of Indians residing on the tributaries of the river San Juan, west of the Rio Grande and 
east of the Colorado, and between the 35th and 37th parallels of north latitude. They probably 
number 8,000 souls.” “They are a fierce, intelligent, and warlike tribe of Indians. They pos¬ 
sess more wealth than all the other wild tribes in New Mexico combined; are rich in horses, 
mules, asses, goats, and sheep; and they raise, by the cultivation of the soil, a sufficiency of 
grain for all purposes of consumption. They are the manufacturers of a superb quality of 
blankets that are water-proof, as well as of coarser woollens.” (Indian Commissioner’s Report 
for 1854.) The only vocabularies of their language, heretofore published, are those of Lieut. 
Simpson and of Capt. Eaton (in Schoolcraft’s History, &c., IY, 216.) That of Lieut. Whipple 
was obtained from a Mexican herder, who had been a captive among the Navajos for nine 
months, and had learned their language. It agrees with that of Col. Eaton quite as well as 
could be expected under the circumstances. 
Pinal Lenos —called by Emory Pihon Lanos, and by Bartlett Pihol Indians , Pihols, and 
Pinaleiios. The latter says they embrace about five hundred souls, and range over an exten¬ 
sive circuit between the Sierra Pinal and the Sierra Blanca; both of which mountains are near 
