100 
U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY-GENERAL REPORT. 
There are dusky lines through the rows of whiskers, and the anterior canthus of the eye is 
dusky. The whiskers are principally white, a few black. There are several patches or tufts of 
black in the ruff on each side of the throat. The concavity and anterior margin of the ear are 
grayish ; the convexity shows anteriorly a border of black, which, however, rapidly passes 
behind into grayish white ; the black is narrower and much less distinct than in the smaller 
lynxes. The pencils of hairs on the ears are black, and from two to three inches long. The 
chin and throat are immaculate and grayish white. The extreme tip of the tail is black, the 
color extending further on the upper than on the lower surface, (over about one-fourth or fifth 
in the former.) The remaining part of the dorsal surface and sides is rufous, with some grayish 
tips ; the under surface is yellowish white, although this color is restricted to very narrow 
limits. Its shape is quite cylindrical. 
This lynx in many characteristics differs from all others in the United States, although 
coming nearer to the Lynx rufus than to any other. It is, however, much larger and the fur 
fuller. The feet are much larger. The soles of the feet are densely furred, concealing the 
pads instead of leaving them exposed. The transverse bands inside of the fore legs are wanting. 
The ear has a much larger grayish spot on its convexity, and the pencils at the tip are longer. 
The markings on the sides of the face are very inconspicuous. The tail is black at the very 
extremity, instead of having a narrow vertical patch of white extend up from the lower portion 
between the black. There are none of the transverse dusky bars on the upper surface of the 
tail. (No. 77.) 
Since the preceding description was written, a second specimen has been received by the 
Smithsonian Institution, among the rich collections made by Mr. W. S. Wood, in Lieutenant 
F. T. Bryan’s party. This is the more important, as being in summer pelage, a condition 
which differs considerably from that of winter. The most striking feature is the much shorter 
and less dense fur all over the body, the longest on the back measuring little over inches. 
The prevailing colors, however, are much the same, with less gray and rather more rufous. No 
bands or spots are risible on the hind leg ; on the inside of the fore leg, however, two or three 
dusky blotches are to be seen. The black margin of the ears is rather more conspicuous, owing 
to the shortness of the gray central fur ; the black pencils tipping the ears are about two inches 
long. 
The pads on the feet in this specimen are distinctly visible, not being at all overgrown, as in 
winter specimens ; as stated above, they are considerably smaller than in the small American 
lynxes. 
I Inches. 
1 T~ 
Head 1 .j 6$ 
Head and body_.___ 34J 
Tail, vertebrae.._ -... j 4| 
Tail, hairs_.....----I 51- 
Hind foot_..._| 9 
The Canada lynx is readily distinguishable by the above characteristics from the smaller 
lynxes of Europe and America; but its relationships with the large species from northern 
1 Measurements taken before skinning 
