246 U. S. P. R. R. EXP, AND SURVEYS-ZOOLOGY-GENERAL REPORT. 
Section 1. White beneath. 
Species 9. Above black and grayish rusty, with or without a wash of fer¬ 
ruginous on the back ; tail beneath and towards the tip uni¬ 
form ferruginous to the roots of the hairs, not annulated. S. hudsonius. 
Species 10. Above black and grayish rusty yellow, without any tinge of 
ferruginous ; tail black and grayish white, without any ferru¬ 
ginous visible externally glossy, black near the tip .. S.fremontii. 
Species 11. Above reddish brown and black, finely mixed; no separate wash 
of ferruginous on the back ; tail dark reddish brown towards 
the bases of the hairs, its exterior portion on the sides and 
entire tip glossy black.............. S. richardsonii. 
Section 2. Rusty beneath. 
Species 12............. ,S. douglassii. 
SCIURUS YULPINUS, Gmelin. 
Southern Fox Squirrel. 
Sciurus niger, Linn. Syst. Nat. (ed. 10th,) I, 1758, 64.— Ib. (ed. 12th,) I, 1766, 86. 
Erxl. Syst. Anim. 1777, 417. 
Schreber, Saug. IV, 1792, 776; pi. ccxv, ccxv*. 
Shaw, Gen. Zool. II, 1801, 139. 
Ord, Guthrie’s Geog. (2d Am. ed.,) II, 1815, 292. 
Sciurus vulpinus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 147. 
Kerr’s Linnasus, 1792, 257. 
Godman, Am'. Nat. Hist. II, 1831, 28. 
Sciurus capistratus , Bose, Annales du Museum, I, 1802, 181. 
Desmarest, Mammal. II, 1822, 332. 
Harlan, Fauna Americana, 1825, 175. 
Griffith’s Cuvier, m, 1827, 178 ; plate.— Ib. V, 1827, 253 
Bachman, Pr. Zool. Soc. Lond. VI, 1838, 85.— Ib. Charlesworth’s Mag. N. H. Ill, 1839, 117.— 
Ib. Silliman’s Am. Jour. Sc. XXXVII, 1839, 291. 
Wagner, Suppl. Schreber’s Saugt. Ill, 1843, 156 .—Ib. in Atlas Schreb. Saugt IV ; tab. ccxiii, 
B. (Gray variety, no text.) 
Aud. & Bach. N. A. Quad. II, 1851, 132 ; pi. lxviii. 
? Sciurus rufivetder, McMurtrie’s Cuvier, I, 1831, 433. (Not of Desmarest.) 
Sciurus texianus, Bach. Pr. Zool. Soc. Lond. VI, 1838, 86. —Ib. Charles. Mag. N. H. Ill, 1839, 154.— Ib. Silliman’s 
Am. Jour. Sc. XXXVII, 1839, 295. 
The Black Squirrel , Catesby’s Carolina, II, 1731, 73 ; pi. lxxiii. (Original of the description of Linnaeus.) 
Pennant, Hist. Quad. 1781, No. 273 .—Ib. Arctic Zoology, I. 1784, 119. 
'll Gray Squirrel, Catesby’s Carolina, II, 1731, 74 ; pi. lxxiv. 
Pennant, Synopsis, 1771, 282. (These descriptions, with that of the cat squirrel of Pennant, 
are very vague, and may refer almost as well to this as to the Sciurus cinereus.) 
Capislrate, St. Hilaire & Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mammif. Ill, 1819, (plate and text.) 
Sp. Ch. —Tail vertebrae shorter than the body and head; with the hairs, longer. Head rather slender, and more pointed. 
Ears not tufted. Tail rather cylindrical. Length to root of tail about 12 inches; tail 15 inches. Hind feet 3 inches; 
skull 2.75 inches. Color varying from gray above and white beneath, through various shades of rusty to pure uniform 
lustrous black ; ears, and generally nose, always white. 
This squirrel is the largest North American species that has fallen under my notice, and 
though one of the most variable in some respects, is yet easily identified through all its changes 
by the almost constant presence of white nose and^ ears. I have not had an opportunity of 
examining fresh specimens of the species, or even perfect alcoholic ones, but am inclined to 
consider it as rather more slender than the other American fox squirrels, with narrower head 
