RUMINANTIA-CERVINaE-CERVUS LEUCURUS. 
649 
CERVUS LEUCURUS, Douglas. 
White-tailed Deer. 
Cervus leucurus, Douglas, Zool. Jour. IV, Jan. 1829, 330. 
Richardson, F. Bor. Am. I, 1829, 258. 
Wagner, Suppl. Schreb. IV, 1844, 375 .—Ib. V, 1855, 372. 
Pucheran, Mon. du Cerf, Archiv du Mus. VI, 1852, 322. 
Aud. & Bach. N. Am. Quad. Ill, 1853, 77 ; plate cxviii. 
? Cervus ( Mazama ) leucurus, Sundevall, K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. 1844, (from living specimen in Mdnagerie du 
Museum, Paris.)— Ib. in Hornschuch, Archiv Skand. Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte 
II. 1850, 135. 
? Cervus macrourus, Rafinesque, Am. Monthly Mag. I, 1817, 436. 
Ham. Smith, Griffith’s Cuvier, IV, 1827, 134—V, 1827, 316, (from Kansas river.) 
Long-tailed red deer, Lewis & Clark. 
Sp. Ch. —Horns and gland of the hind legs as in C. virginianus; tail, appreciably longer; hoofs, long and narrow ; fur, 
compact. General color above, in autumn, yellowish gray, clouded and waved, but not lined with dusky. Chin, entirely 
white, with only a small dusky spot on the edge of the lip. Ears gray, with a basal white spot behind. Anal region and 
under surface of the tail, but not the buttocks, white. Tail, reddish above, without exhibiting any dusky. 
(1885.) This animal has the general appearance of the Cervus virginianus, in many respects, 
though differing appreciably from the specimens with which I have compared it. The ear is 
rather narrow, hut long, measuring 6.20 along its anterior edge; its greatest width 4.50. 
They are thinner and. more acuminate at the tip than in C. virginianus. Both surfaces are 
well covered with hair : that on the concavity being long and loose, that on the convexity 
short, compact, and close. 
There is nothing in the dried, and distorted skins to indicate any peculiarities in the naked 
muffle. 
The feet are very delicate and slender, appreciably more so than in C. virginianus. The 
hoofs, too, are long, narrow, and acute. That surface of the anterior one which is applied to the 
ground is three times as long as wide (2.20-|-.65,) the false hoofs long. The distance from the 
tip of the fore hoof to the posterior extremity amounts to 3.15 ; in a skin of virginianus of 
the same size, 2.60. The entire length of the posterior hoof is 3.20 inches, its width .65, or 
almost exactly that of the anterior. The outer border of the basal portion is nearly straight, 
instead of much curved as in C. virginianus. The gland on the outer edge of the hind leg is 
situated a little below the middle of the metatarsus. It is short, the naked portion measuring 
only about an inch. 
The tail is moderately long and bushy, of uniform width from the base to the pointed tip, 
rather depressed ; the hairs of equal length on the sides from the base to the tip. Its length 
does not exceed that of the head. 
The prevailing color of this species in the fall of the year, and probably in the winter, is a 
yellowish gray, clouded and waved with black caused by the dusky tips to the hairs. This 
color is purest and grayest on the neck (nearly the same all round) and head, the long hairs 
on the top of the head only being more fulvous. The chin and throat are dull white, the former 
without any band, hut merely a dusky spot on the side ; there is also a suffusion of dusky on 
the sides and on the top of the upper jaw just behind the muffle, hut no continuous ring. The 
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