FROGS AND TOADS 
127 
as by its inferior size, a full-grown individual 
measuring about six inches in length. When 
frightened and fleeing from an enemy it indulges 
in the curious habit of leaping along the surface 
of the water in a similar manner to when 
progressing upon land. 
A third species, namely the African bull 
frog or speckled frog, is about the same size 
as the American species. It spends much of 
its time underground, making its way beneath 
the soil by means of a shovel-like growth 
situated upon the inner-side of its hind 
legs. 
To complete the list of the tailless batra- 
chians remarkable for their enormous size, 
mention must be made of the giant toad 
found in Central and South America, as well 
as in the West Indies, a fully-grown individual 
measuring over six inches in length; while 
of even greater bulk are the American Cerato- 
phrys, horned-frogs, horned-toads or barking 
frogs, as they are variously called. 
The latter receive the name of “ horned ” 
because of the prominent nature of their 
upper eyelids, which, in one species especially, 
are developed to such an extent as to form 
upstanding and horn-like appendages ; while 
the term “ barking ” refers to the bark-like 
cry they utter. 
