62 
APPENDIX A.—DIARY OF THE EXPEDITION. 
You will please take, as accurately as possible, your compass courses and distances for tlie 
entire survey, both going and returning, and will note every peculiarity of country, (timber, 
grass, water, &c., &c.) When you arrive at a point from wbicb you can see the peaks of the 
Alamos mountains, please take accurate bearings to them and to the high peak of the Guadalupe 
mountains. It is absolutely necessary that a compass course and estimated distance be observed 
for each marked change of direction; as without a continuous set of courses and distances it 
will be impossible to make a sketch of your route. 
A party of five mounted men, with rations for six days, will be detailed to accompany you. 
Upon your return to this camp, you will please furnish me with a written report of your 
expedition. 
I am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant, 
JNO. POPE, 
Brevet Gapt. T. E ., Commanding Exploring Party. 
Lieut. K. Garrard, 1st Dragoons , 
Assistant on Survey. 
The prairie fires still continue to burn over the surrounding plain, but all fear of injury from 
them has disappeared. Neither have we had any further Indian demonstration. The command 
has abundance of fish to eat, and we have caught some weighing upwards of thirty pounds. 
We saw some turtle floating down the stream, but were unable to catch them. 
The animals and stock were driven in at sunset; the former got some corn, and were tied to 
the wagons during the night, strongly guarded. 
Observations for time taken this day, and at night for latitude and longitude. 
Same Camp — Saturday , March 11, 1854.—Observations for time made in the forenoon; 
heavens clouded up at night. 
Same Camp — Sunday , March 12, 1854.—Heavens clouded during the day and night. 
Same Camp — Monday , March 13, 1854.—Heavens clouded during the day and night. 
Same Camp—Tuesday , March 14, 1854.—Heavens clouded in the forenoon and afternoon. 
Observations for longitude and latitude taken at night. Lieutenant Garrard and party arrived 
in camp at 3 o’clock p. m. 
Same Camp — Wednesday , March 15, 1854.—Lieutenant Marshall, with seven men, rationed 
for four days, proceeded up the Pecos with instructions to examine it as far as the Sacramento 
river, which is supposed to be within two days’ travel of this point. The main object of this 
expedition is to ascertain the correctness of the report that there is an abundance of large 
timber of all descriptions on the banks of the Sacramento, and also (if such is the fact) to ascer¬ 
tain if it be possible to raft this timber down to the Pecos. Lieutenant Garrard, according to 
his instructions, presented a report of his expedition, of which the following is a copy : 
Camp on Falls of Rio Pecos, Mouth of Delaware Creek, 
March 15, 1854. 
Captain : In obedience to instructions conveyed to me in your letter of the 9th instant, on the 
morning of the 10th I left this camp at 8 o’clock a. m., and reached the spring in the canon 
near the high peak of the Guadalupe mountains at 10| a. m. the following morning, a distance 
of about sixty miles. Leaving the spring at 11 a. m., I proceeded in a direction east of south 
along the base of the western slope of the Guadalupe mountains, and encamped about eighteen 
miles from the spring. During the whole distance the mountain range presented a rocky and 
almost perpendicular side, intersected now and then by canons opening into the plain, which 
proved, on examination, to narrow as you ascended them; terminating in steep ravines, and 
practicable only for horse or mule trails, being used as such by the Indians. 
On the morning of the 12th instant I left camp at 6 o’clock a. m., and, continuing on the 
same course I travelled yesterday, I crossed over a ridge near where this range of mountains 
