54 
REVIEWS. 
“ These,” he says, “ and the like indications of co-affinity with the Lyencepliala to the 
oviparous air-breathing Yertebrata, have mainly prevailed with me against an acquies¬ 
cence in the elevation of different groups of the Lissencephala to a higher place in the 
mammalian series, and in their respective association, through some single character, with 
better brained orders, according to mammalogical systems which at different times have 
been proposed by zoologists of deserved reputation.” 
The above view of the true affinities of the Lissencephala is, perhaps, 
the most striking feature in Professor Owen’s proposed classification. A 
glance at the following table, showing the correspondence between the 
Lyencephalous and Lissencephalous series will best indicate Professor 
Owen’s meaning. 
Lyencephala. Lissencephala. 
Rhizopbaga,.Burrowing Rodentia. 
Poephaga,.Dipodidze and Leporidae. 
Petaurus,.Pteromys. 
Phalangistidae,.Sciuridae (new.) 
Phascolarotos,.Bradypus. 
Perameles and Myrmecobius, . . Erinaceidae. 
Cbceropus,.Macroscelis. 
Didelphys and Phascogale, . . . Soricidse. 
Dasyuridae,.. Centetes, Gymnura. 
Echidna,.Manis. 
Ornithorhynchus,.Orycteropus. 
Our space forbids us noticing at any length the third sub-class, Gyren- 
cephala. This extensive group is divided into three sections, viz., 
TJnguiculata, TJngulata, and Mutilata. The last of these includes two 
orders, Sirenia and Cetacea, the former of which contains those whale¬ 
like herbivorous mammals which in most systems form a portion of the 
Pachydermata. In the arrangement of the typical TJngulata the odd or 
even number of the toes is a character of some importance, and hence the 
names which Professor Owen has given to the two orders, Artiodactyla 
and Perissodactyla. The elephant is associated with Dinotherium, and 
other extinct genera, into a third order, Proboscidia; whilst a fourth, 
including none hut fossil species, is named Toxodontia. The following 
Table shows the relations of the TJngulata:— 
TJngulata, < 
The TJnguiculata are made up of two orders, Quadrumana and Car¬ 
nivora. The latter are divided into three families, “ Digitigrades,” 
“ Plantigrades,” and “ Pinnigrades.” The highest place is assigned by 
Professor Owen to the first of these divisions, the internal structure of 
the bear showing its affinities to the seal tribe. 
Artiodactyla, 
( Omnivora. 
1 Ruminantia. 
. {SX1 
Proboscidia,. | ^ e P^ s *. 
I Dinotherium. 
Toxodontia, 
( Toxodon. 
(Nesodon. 
