8 
I'llOCEEDIN"GS OF SOCIETIES. 
level of the sea, with two outliers of the same rock (for one of which I 
am indebted to the observations of Mr. Jukes), will he observed to sup¬ 
port disturbed strata of the Silurian series of the Inistioge district, 
through which the River Kore takes a south-east course. These beds 
are a portion of the great Silurian district which occupies the south-east 
of Ireland, and are overlaid in an unconformable position by the Red 
Sand stone formation, extending from the barony ofKnocktopher, in the 
county of Kilkenny, to the city of Waterford on the south, and to Slieve- 
naman on the west. Continuing the line of section from Knocktopher in 
a western direction, we find the same Red Sandstone resting in a similar 
position on an outlier of Silurian, also much disturbed, which constitutes 
the mass of the Welsh mountains; but it is to be regretted that in the 
line of section which I have necessarily adopted, we have mostly to run in 
the strike of the Silurians, thus rendering a display of their true dip 
and unconformity less striking than it would otherwise have been. Pro¬ 
ceeding still to the westward beyond Slievenaman, we find the Yellow 
Sandstone, being a continuation of the band containing the plants, 
especially Sphenopteris Hibernica with Anodon Jukesii —which, extend- , 
ing from Jerpoint by Rallyhale and Kiltorcan, skirts the margin of 
nearly the whole of the Old Red Sandstone districts of the south of Ire¬ 
land. We find, I say, the Yellow Sandstone conforming to the Red 
Sandstone beneath, and to the Lower Limestone above, which is again 
succeeded in a conformable position by the Upper or Splintery Limestone, 
and the Coal or Culm beds, which occupy the basin to the north-west of 
Clonmel, and proceeding still westward by the Lower Limestone, Yel¬ 
low Sandstone, Old Red Sandstone, and Silurian strata of the Galty Moun¬ 
tains, and passing through the Old Red Sandstone, which reposes on the 
Silurian strata last mentioned at its western side, we again find the Yel¬ 
low Sandstone, the Lower Limestone, and the Upper Limestone regularly 
succeeding in the neighbourhood to the south of the town of Charleville, 
in the county of Cork, till we reach the great culm or anthracite district 
of the counties of Cork, Limerick, Clare, and Kerry, known by the name 
of the Munster Coal District, where a succession similar to that which I 
have already described will be observed. These Coal strata rest conform¬ 
ably on the Upper Limestone at Liscarroll, in the county of Cork, which 
latter again appears in an insulated elevation, situate in the interior of the 
anthracite district at the Taur Mountain, which rises to a height of 
1300 feet above the level of the sea; the general strike of these rocks being 
east and west, dipping north and south at an average angle of, say, 20°. 
The Coal strata undulate according to the numerous convolutions prevail¬ 
ing in that district, and as we proceed westward to the town of Castle- 
island, the Upper Limestone, as at Taur and Liscarroll, similarly underly¬ 
ing the western edge of the culm beds, is again repeated, the descending 
and conformable series consisting of the Lower Limestone, the Car¬ 
boniferous Slate, or Lower Limestone Shale, which latter is characterized 
by a profusion of well-preserved and typical Lower Carboniferous fossils 
at Currans, and this again rests upon the Yellow Sandstone which overlies 
the Old Red Sandstone of the Slievemish, Caherconree, and Castlegregory 
