DUBLIN UNIYEES1TY ZOOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL ASSOCIATION. .267 
The following Echinodermata occurred:—■ 
Comatula rosacea. —Common. 
Ophiura texturata. —Not so common as in Dublin. 
Ophiocoma granulata.- —One specimen; a perfect pest in Dublin. 
Ophiocoma rosula .—Not so common as in Dublin. 
Uraster glacialis. —One small specimen ; common in Dublin. 
Uraster rubens. —Common. 
Cribella oculata. —Three specimens ; very common in Dublin. 
Asterina gibbosa. —One specimen on Leek Bank; not met in Dublin. 
Echinus miliar is. —Two or three specimens. 
Echinus sphcera. —One young specimen. We were not dredging on ground 
where this species generally abounds. 
Amphidotus cordatus .—One specimen. 
This group, on the whole, was remarkably deficient as regards num¬ 
ber of specimens , as contrasted with Dublin Bay dredgings. 
I spent several days examining the littoral zone which supplied the 
following: — Orchestialittorea, and 0. Icevis, abundant ; Allorchest es Da- 
nai, common; Talitrus locusta , not rare; Ligia oceanica , Porcellio scaber , 
and j Phihscia muscorum, abundant. 
There were well-marked differences in the distribution of the aqua¬ 
tic species of this zone, especially at the borders of the Laminarian 
zone ; not merely as contrasted with those which occur in Dublin Bay, 
but also in the case of those which are found at Yalentia Island, the 
difference in the latter case being probably due to the fact of the influx 
of the Plym. 
Carcinus mcenas. —Abundant. 
Cancer pagurus. —In great abundance, markedly more so than in Ya¬ 
lentia or Dublin. 
Pilumnus hirtellus. —The common crab of the beach; extremely rare 
both in Dublin and Yalentia. 
Porcellana platycheles. —In about equal abundance as at Dublin and 
Yalentia. 
Porcellana longicornis. —Bather rare ; very common in Dublin and Ya¬ 
lentia. 
Portunuspuber. -—Much commoner than in Dublin, and about as common 
as in Yalentia. 
Portunus amcuatus , so common as a littoral species in Yalentia, not 
found here as such, while the following, which are common in 
Dublin, were not met with : — Palcemon sguilla , Hippolyte varians, H. 
Cranchii. Xantho florida , also a common littoral species in Yalentia, 
does not occur here, and I was told was nowhere abundant along 
the coast. Can this be a Lusitanian form ? 
To one who had never explored these southern shores the extreme 
littoral zone furnished a most remarkable sightSeveral species of 
Tunicata regularly festooning the rocks and squirting water over you at 
every step ;—great bunches of a sponge ( Granlia compressa ?) and of 
