Greening's Pears-Continued 
KIEFFER (Foster # 1 ). The parent tree of this strain produces 
heavy annual crops of large fine fruit. Color rich golden yellow 
sometimes tinted with red on one side. Flesh lightly colored, 
juicy with a pronounced quince flavor. Tree very vigorous. An 
early and big yielder. While its flavor is poor at picking time, if 
kept in a cellar until Christmas, it is a wonderful eating Pear. 
Valuable because of its keeping qualities. Season, November to 
January. 
SECKEL (Gooding # 2 ). This selection was made to insure large 
size fruit for the variety. In addition to this the parent tree 
began to bear annual crops when three years old which is very 
uncommon for this variety. In quality it cannot be surpassed by 
any kind of fruit. Tree is very vigorous, productive and quite 
immune to blight. Fruit is very highly colored and in this strain 
is larger than ordinary Seckel and very symmetrical. Flesh, very 
juicy, fine grained and very delicately flavored. Fruit reddish 
brown color. Season, September to October. 
SHELDON. A splendid pear for dessert and culinary purposes, 
especially recommended for the home orchard. Fruit large, round¬ 
ish, yellow, slightly shaded with red. Flesh very juicy and very 
delicious. Tree hardy, vigorous and a good bearer. Very blight- 
resistant. Season, October. 
WINTER PEARS 
BOSC (Gooding). This is a selection which is true to the type of 
the variety. The Bose pear originated in Belgium. Shape oblate- 
pyriform, and of very large size. In color it is a beautiful yellow, 
touched with crimson and slightly russeted. It is undisputed as 
the most delicious dessert pear known. A medium late variety. The 
tree, however, is a poor grower, but under our method of double 
grafting we have restored it to a strong, thrifty, productive tree. 
This variety always sells at the highest prices on the market. Rec¬ 
ommended as a desirable pollinizer for Bartlett. 
CLAIRGEAU. A very showy and well formed pear; large with 
stout stem. Color golden yellow with red cheek. Highly flavored. 
Early. Productive and a reliable cropper. Season, October to 
January. 
DWARF PEARS 
Dwarf pear trees are budded upon quince roots and therefore should 
be planted below the bud sufficiently deep (three to four inches) to 
cover the junction. Dwarfs frequently succeed where Standards fail, 
especially where the soil is deficient in clay loam. It is very impor¬ 
tant to select the proper variety, as all varieties of pears do not 
succeed well as Dwarfs. The most desirable are: Angouleme, Bartlett, 
Clapp’s Favorite and Seckel. Plant from 10 to IS feet apart. 
Number of Pear Trees Required Per Acre 
Distance Apart Number per acre 
18 x 18 134 
20 x 20 108 
24 x 24 75 
PLUMS, APRICOTS, QUINCES 
The Plum is the universal fruit. It is grown not only throughout 
the United States but almost everywhere in the world. With the 
progress that has been made in the past twenty years toward im¬ 
proving and developing Plums, this fruit should gain greatly in 
popularity. As some varieties are so deficient in pollen that they do 
not fertilize themselves, it is advisable to provide for cross pollina¬ 
tion of all varieties, Shropshire excepted; and be certain that there 
are at least two varieties of the same species in the planting. Varie¬ 
ties of Japanese plums are practically worthless as pollinizers for the 
European varieties. 
In the description of varieties to follow, the name following the 
variety name in each case indicates the strain and is the name of the 
orchard in which the parent tree is located, from which propagating 
buds were taken. 
AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLUMS 
AUSTRIAN PRUNE (April). Tree very vigorous, upright, per¬ 
fectly hardy and is a young bearer and very prolific. The fruit 
of this Plum is the handsomest and largest in cultivation. The 
color is an attractive dark reddish purple. Flesh golden yellow, 
sweet and mild. Excellent quality. A good shipper and keeper. 
Ripens about the middle of September. Takes highest honors and 
premiums everywhere. (E) 
BRADSHAW. Fruit very large, dark violet red; flesh yellowish 
green, juicy and pleasant. Tree vigorous, erect and productive. 
Ripens about the middle of August. (E) 
CLYMAN (South Haven Experiment Station). The Clyman Plum 
has special merit as one of the earliest good domestic sorts. The 
Ohio State Experiment Station and the South Haven Michigan 
Experiment Station from whom we secured the scions, recom¬ 
mended it very highly for an early home and market plum. The 
tree is rather large, vigorous and productive. Blooming season 
early and short. Fruits are very large. Color is dark purplish- 
red with thick bloom. Flesh is pale yellow and dry, firm, sweet 
and mild but pleasant and of good quality; stone free. 
GERMAN PRUNE (Meecham). A large, long, oval variety, much 
esteemed for drying; color dark purple; of a very agreeable and 
rich flavor. Productive, hardy. September. (E) 
GRAND DUKE (Hunt # 6) The favored late shipping Plum be¬ 
cause of its very large size and beautiful color, being of a purple 
shade. Flesh very firm and meaty. A regular annual and abun¬ 
dant cropper. Usually free from rot and hang in good condition 
a long time. This strain maintains a high standard for this leading 
commercial variety. 
GREEN GAGE. See Reine Claude a far better variety, of the same 
type. 
GUEII. Tree a hardy, very strong, vigorous and upright grower, 
spreading with age and bearing. An early and very abundant 
bearer. Fruit medium size, roundish oval; skin dark purple, cov¬ 
ered with a thick blue bloom; flesh pale yellow, a little coarse, 
firm, juicy, sweet, sprightly, sub-acid, free-stone. Last of August 
and first of September. (E). 
ITALIAN PRUNE (Fellenberg) (Farnsworth). A fine late Plum; 
undoubtedly the leading commercial prune variety; oval, purple; 
flesh juicy and delicious, parts from the stone; fine for drying. 
September. (E). 
LOMBARD (Luplow #4). Medium size; round-oval; violet red; 
juicy, pleasant and good; adheres to the stone. Tree vigorous and 
productive. A valuable market variety. One of the most hardy 
and popular. Ripens last of August. (E) 
MONARCH (Luplow # 2 ). One of the most valuable of the late 
introductions from England. Tree robust with dense foliage; an 
abundant bearer. Fruit very large, roundish oval; dark purple- 
blue perfect freestone. October. (E) 
REINE CLAUDE (Barden). Surpassing in quality and richness of 
flavor nearly all varieties listed. Fruit large, greenish yellow; flavor 
excellent. Season, September. The best of the Gage variety. (E) 
SHROPSHIRE DAMSON (Nye #3). The orchard containing 
this parent tree was set in 1912 and our records started in 1919. 
The parent tree of this strain was chosen because of early bearing 
and heavy annual production. This strain represents the very 
highest type for the variety. Fruit small, oval in shape; skin 
purple, covered with blue bloom; flesh melting and juicy, rather 
tart; separates partly from the stone. September. (E) 
STANLEY PRUNE. This variety is a cross between Agen and 
Grand Duke. The fruit is of the prune type, excellent for cooking 
or eating out of hand. The tree is healthy, vigorous, and produces 
full crops annually. The fruit is large in size, prune shape, dark 
blue with thick bloom; flesh greenish yellow, juicy, fine-grained, 
tender, firm, sweet, pleasant; quality good to very good; stone 
free; midseason. This is one of the outstanding new varieties. 
YELLOW EGG. Fruit of the largest size; skin yellow with numer¬ 
ous white dots. Flesh yellow, rather coarse, sub-acid; fine for 
cooking. Tree vigorous and productive. Last of August. (E) 
JAPANESE PLUMS 
ABUNDANCE (Billing). This variety is especially valuable as a 
pollinizer for Burbank. Medium to large in size. Oblong, amber, 
nearly covered with bright red and overspread with a thick bloom. 
Flesh orange-yellow, juicy, melting and of a delicious sweetness. 
Small, freestone. Tree is a strong grower and an early and profuse 
bearer. Valuable for canning and market. August. 
BURBANK (Luplow). One of the best of the celebrated Japanese 
varieties. Remarkably successful all over the country. No other 
Plum ever became so popular in so short a time. It has been 
fruited many years in this country and is perfectly hardy. It 
seems to succeed in any soil. It can be picked just before ripe 
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