37 
Ornithology of Borneo . 
into China, and down the Malayan peninsula, all the speci¬ 
mens from Northern India being rather paler in colour, espe¬ 
cially as females. 
Great variation in size exists, and this alone would not 
serve to separate species of this genus : thus the tarsus varies 
from r05 to 1*2 inch, being, however, generally smaller in 
the hen birds. A Burmese female has it 1T5 inch in length. 
The wing varies from 3*75 to 4 inches in the male, and from 
3*65 to 3'8 in the female, the example from Burmah measur¬ 
ing only 3*35 in the wing, and 3 inches in the tail. 
I am not disposed to separate the Malaccan species (usually, 
though erroneously, called C. mindanensis; cf . Walden, Tr. Z. 
S. ix. p. 194) from C. saularis. The amount of white on 
the third pair of rectrices is a character which must be re¬ 
ceived with a great deal of caution, as it increases with age. 
This is certainly the case with C. saularis, and, I doubt not, 
with the allied species also; and I have examined Malaccan 
examples which have the same tail-markings as Indian birds. 
Then, again, with regard to the dark coloration of the Ma¬ 
laccan females, this is certainly noteworthy to a certain extent; 
but a Madras female in the Museum is quite as dark: the 
birds from Northern India and Burmah seem paler. 
Of the Andaman species I am only able to judge by a single 
female in the Museum; and this bird is apparently different 
on account of its rufescent flanks. Mr. Hume separates the 
bird from this locality as C. andamanensis; and in this he is 
probably right. 
The Javan C. amcenus is distinguished by its grey under 
surface in the female, the male being entirely blackish below. 
It is represented in the Museum by specimens from W. Java 
{Wallace), Bali {Wallace), Labuan {Low), and Banjermassing 
{Motley) . The Bali bird is glossy black on the under surface, 
and has no admixture of grey like the Javan and Bornean skins. 
Lastly, Mr. Everett’s Sibu skin remains; and its specific 
characters may be shortly summed up as follows-Similis 
C. saulari, sed tectricibus alarum inferioribus nigris, vix albo 
anguste limbatis distinguendus. Long. tot. 8*6, alse 4*05.. 
caudse 3*8, tarsi 1*25. 
