122 Messrs. H. Seebohm and J. A. Harvie Brown on 
we shot them in the act. They seldom alighted in the open 
fields, and in this respect differed completely from the next 
species. 
The tundra at Stanavoialachta was the only locality where 
we found them breeding; and there we procured two nests. 
There also the birds, on two occasions, were seen to perch on 
the low stunted willows. 
-{-Anthus cervinus, Pall. 
The Red-throated Pipit is an extremely abundant species 
during migration at Ust Zylma; and large straggling flocks 
were constantly passing over for days together between the 
17th May, when we first got specimens, and the 29th, when no 
less than ten w ere secured out of one flock. These migratory 
flocks did not rest much at Ust Zylma; but when they did 
pitch to feed or rest, they preferred the marshy, hummocky, 
open ground, like their native tundra, of which there were 
one or two patches near the town. They rested also in the 
fields, perching on the heaps of manure; but they were gene¬ 
rally to be seen passing overhead against the wind at a con¬ 
siderable elevation, the bright sun glancing on their breasts, 
enabling us easily to identify them. We saw no more at Ust 
Zylma after the latter date, but found them again sparingly 
on the islands of the upper delta between Yiski and Gorodok. 
Northwards they became abundant on the willow-covered 
islands of the lower delta, and on the tundra around Vassil- 
kova and up to Stanavoialachta, but were not found at Dvoinik 
in such large numbers. 
Both at the time of migration and at their breeding-haunts 
we frequently saw them perching on low trees and bushes. 
Many of their eggs and nests were brought to us by the 
Zyriani, or found by our men and ourselves after our arrival 
at Alexievka; but by that time (say June 26th) by far the 
larger number of the former were deeply incubated. Young 
able to fly were procured on the 20th July. 
Budytes yiridis. Scop. ? 
This handsome species is abundant around Ust Zylma, but 
becomes scarcer further north, and at last finally disappears, 
