168 Mr. R. Ridgway on the Genus Helraiuthophaga. 
reddish brown, chiefly round the larger end. Several of the 
species (notably ruficapilla, Virginia, lucice, and celata ) are 
pleasing though rather weak-voiced songsters, while the song 
of H. pinus closely resembles the monotonous lisping of certain 
grasshoppers. 
The species and geographical races may be distinguished 
by the following characters :— 
A. Wings variegated with white or yellow. Forehead yellow. 
a . Wing with two white bands ; belly yellow; back olive-green. 
1. H. pinus. Throat gamboge-yellow; auriculars yellow, bordered 
above by a short postocular streak. Eastern province of the 
United States, in summer. 
2. H. lawrencii. Throat deep black; auriculars deep black. 
Eastern Province of the United States (New Jersey, Herrick). 
b. Wing with a large patch of yellow covering both rows of coverts ; 
belly white; back bluish grey. 
3. H. chrysoptera. Throat deep black () or dull grey ($ ) 
auriculars deep black (d), or black along upper edge (§). 
Eastern Province of the United States. 
4. H. leucobronchialis. Throat pure white ; auriculars white, 
bordered above by a short postocular streak. Eastern Province 
of the United States (Eastern Massachusetts, Brewster). 
B. Wings not variegated. Forehead not yellow (except in 11. bachmani). 
a . Forehead yellow; inner web of the two outer tail-feathers with a 
i terminal white patch. 
4 5. H. bachmani. Above olive-green ; • forehead and belly gamboge- 
yellow ; crown grey, in the d bordered anteriorly by a black 
bar ; throat black (d ) or dusky greyish (). Eastern Province 
(Southern Atlantic States) and Cuba. 
b. Forehead greyish ; inner webs of outer tail-feathers without distinct 
white patches. 
6. H. ruficapilla. Above olive-green; the head greyish; lower 
parts gamboge-yellow; a whitish orbital ring. Male with a 
concealed patch of chestnut on the crown. North America (rare 
in the Western Province). 
7. H. Virginia. Above grey, beneath whitish; upper tail-coverts 
yellowish green; lower tail-coverts and patch on the jugulum 
gamboge-vellow; crown with a concealed patch of chestnut 
(sometimes obsolete in the $). Western Province. 
8. H. lucije. Above grey, beneath huffy white ; crown-patch and 
upper tail-coverts chestnut.. Western Province (south-western 
district). 
9. H. celata. Above olive-green, beneath pale yellowish ; crown 
