Severtzoff’s ‘Fauna of Turkestan.’ 179 
Vertical range. Breeds in districts 2 and 3, and occurs on 
passage in the former. 
SevertzofF includes also two subspecies of this species which, 
so far as I can judge from a large series of Tawny Pipits I 
have examined, I should not consider to be specifically sepa¬ 
rable from true A. campestris. The first of these he calls 
Anthus campestris, ft. orientalis, Brehm. 
Horizontal range. Breeds in all four districts. 
Vertical range. Breeds in district 3. 
This form, he says (p. 141), has long legs, small hind claws, 
is greyish brown above, and has light yellowish brown mark¬ 
ings on the outer rectrices. The second so-called subspecies, 
of which he gives no description, is called 
Anthus campestris, y. brachycentrus, Heugl. 
Range. Similar to that of the preceding subspecies, but it 
breeds also in district 2. 
202. Anthus trivialis, L. 
Anthus arboreus, Severtzoff, pp. 67, 139. 
Horizontal range. Breeds and occurs on passage in all four 
districts, but rarely in the first three. 
Vertical range . Occurs rarely on passage in district 1, and 
commonly in district 2; breeds rarely in districts 3 and 4. 
202 a. Anthus pratensis, Severtzoff, pp. 67, 139. 
Horizontal range. Occurs on passage in all four districts, 
and in winter in district IY. 
Vertical range. Occurs on passage in districts 1 and 2. 
At page 139 Severtzoff goes into detail to show that there 
are in Turkestan intermediate forms between the Tree-Pipit 
and Meadow-Pipit, which he consequently treats as being two 
forms of the same species. These notes I need not reproduce; 
but it may be well to insert the following MS. note written 
for me by Dr. Severtzoff, viz .:—“ I can only consider that 
the Tree-Pipit and the Meadow-Pipit are locally specifically 
distinct; for in Turkestan there are several intermediate forms, 
which I term varieties, as they run into each other, and the 
differences are not specific. These varieties are :— 
cc Anthus intermedins, Severtzoff, which has the hind claw 
