180 Mr. H. E. Dresser's Notes on 
of varying length, and the typical long slender bill of Anthus 
pratensis. 
“Anthus microrhynchus, which has the hinder claw as in 
Anthus trivialis, the beak stout, as in A.pratensis, hut shorter; 
in shape it is like that of A. trivialis, hut is considerably 
smaller. 
“Anthus trivialis is distinguishable from A. pratensis not 
only by the hind claw, but in having a stouter bill, though 
about equal in length. The true Meadow-Pipit is only seen 
in Turkestan on passage, and is scarce; but the two forms 
A. intermedins and A. microrhynchus are those which breed 
commonly in the mountains, on grassy places, where a few 
bushes are scattered about, at from 5000 to 9000 feet alti¬ 
tude. Typical A. trivialis also breeds at similar altitudes, or 
even higher, say from 7000 to 9000 feet, hut is rare. The 
form known as Anthus agilis, Sykes, was also found in 1874 
in the mountains east of Kuldja." 
I cannot help surmising that, amongst the so-called inter¬ 
mediate forms between the Meadow- and Tree-Pipits, Dr. 
Severtzoff must have obtained the species which breeds in the 
Petchora district, in North Russia, and which I have lately 
described in the ‘ Birds of Europe ' under the name of Anthus 
seebohmi; for this bird has the long hind claw of Anthus pra¬ 
tensis, and the wing-formula and general coloration of the 
upper parts are as in A. trivialis; but one good characteristic 
is that it always has the outer rectrices marked with smoke- 
grey, and not with white. 
203. Anthus cbrvinus, Pall. 
Anthus cervinus, var. rufogularis, Severtzoff, pp. 67, 140. 
Horizontal range . Rare on passage in district III. 
Vertical range. Rare on passage in district 2. 
204. Anthus spinoletta, L. 
Anthus aquaticus, Severtzoff, p. 67. 
Horizontal range. Breeds and occurs in winter in all four 
districts; but it is somewhat uncertain as to whether it really 
breeds in the last. 
Vertical range. Rare in winter in district 1, and common 
at the same season in district 2; breeds in district 4. 
