450 Messrs. H. Seebohm and J. A. Harvie Brown on 
stems and branches of which immense quantities of drift 
timber have been left by the floods, or lie upon the land piled 
up in masses, or spread in regular layers, or floating in the 
“kourias,” over which latter runs the nimble Terek Sand¬ 
piper. 
Behind Habariki, about half a verst distant, is an immense 
swamp lying in the midst of old forest, and with pools of 
water dotted about over its surface. It is quite two versts in 
length by one verst or more in breadth. Here and there 
also in the forest are large and small lakes, swamps, and 
curious circular hollows with regularly formed banks, some 
of the latter dry and covered with moss and decayed water- 
plants, chiefly Potamogeton (sp. ?), and some having pools of 
water in the middle. These appear to form a winding chain 
through the woods, being joined by swamps or by dry water- 
worn trenches. Bound the lakes the forest stands like a wall, 
the stems of the trees bleached by sun and water and marked 
with constant friction of drift wood, the height of former 
floods being distinctly traced six or seven feet up from their 
bases. It is in the broken stumps or prostrate trunks the 
Smews breed; and the only set of eggs and down we got was 
brought to us by a peasant who had found it in the former 
situation. We saw many pairs of Smews during our visit 
to Habariki, on the pools on the large marsh and on the 
woodland lakes; but we did not meet with them elsewhere 
on our trip. 
Mergus castor (L.). 
One pair of Goosanders was distinctly identified by Harvie 
Brown on the waters of the marsh behind Habariki. These 
were the only specimens seen about which there can be no 
doubt, though a good many more were seen too far out for 
perfectly satisfactory identification. 
i Mergus serrator (L.). 
The first bird of this species was seen by Harvie Brown at 
the lakes on the tundra to the south of the Yooshina river. 
He fired at it and wounded it severely. They were after¬ 
wards seen by him on six different occasions, and perfectly 
