126 
manual, of nature study. 
this weed began to work its way along these trails 
toward the Mississippi. 
“ The fruit, a berry, is covered by a very prickly 
calyx, and easily adheres to the tails of horses and 
cattle very much like cockle-burrs. Now the weed 
is found abundantly along the main roads as far 
east as central Missouri. 
“ In general the migration of our weeds has been 
westward, but the Solarium rostratum is a notable 
exception to the rule. 
“D. L. K.” 
What seeds are distributed by the wind ? Pupils 
will name dandelion, iron-weed, goldenrod, milk¬ 
weed, thistle and others. What seeds are distribu¬ 
ted by water? Nuts of various kinds. Cocoanuts, 
for example, have been carried from island to island 
in that wa}^; also algae and off shoots from weeds of 
lake and ocean. Many seeds are carried down 
rivers and creeks at time of great freshets and dis¬ 
tributed along the low submerged lands. Another 
way of distribution consists in the manner of sep¬ 
aration from plants, as described in (2) of this year’s 
course. 
4. Show how seeds escape from the ovary. See 
(2) of this year’s work. 
5. Show how seeds are protected through the 
winter. 
Berries, nuts, grapes and all indehiscent fruits 
