MANUAL OF NATURE STUDY. 
141 
SEVENTH YEAR. 
A .—Plant Life. 
1. Review and continue the study as outlined 
for the sixth year. 
2. Study dowers whose floral envelopes are 
more or less grown together, etc. (a.) Review 
parts of the flower as in third grade work, and call 
attention to the essential organs and their relation 
to the perianth. It must be borne in mind that the 
essential organs are stamens and pistils, the former 
bearing the male elements, the latter the female 
elements; that the business of the flowering plant 
is to produce seed, and that fertilization is necessary 
to the production of seed. 
What is Fertilization? 
Let the pupils be supplied with an ample supply 
of flowers containing conspicuous stamens and 
pistils. As far as practicable, the flowers should 
be of the same kind, so that, when you give direc¬ 
tions, there may be nothing to hinder any of the 
pupils from careful observation. Lead the pupils 
to see that the stamen is made up of a filament 
and anther, and that the anther is the pollen pod 
just as a pea pod is a seed pod. 
With needles open the pollen case and observe 
that it is filled with a powdery mass called pollen, 
