COMPLETE LANDSCAPE SERVICE 
21 
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HELPFUL HINTS . 
The care and culture required for young ever¬ 
green trees consist of careful cultivation—leaving 
an earth mulch around the trees and watering at 
the right time. Anybody can plant the bare rooted 
smaller sized evergreens successfully, if the roots 
are carefully spread out and the earth kept moist. 
Care must be taken not to expose the roots to 
the air for even a short time. Allow plenty of 
space for the young trees to properly develop. 
Pruning should consist principally of the shear¬ 
ing or clipping the terminal growth in Spring, 
just when the new growth appears. This keeps 
the trees compact. Don’t prune too late in Sum¬ 
mer. The fast-growing pines can be pruned until 
the middle of July after their shoots have hard¬ 
ened. They will then set a cluster of buds below 
the cut. Never cut or top an evergreen below the 
point where it is showing green foliage. Always 
leave a fringe of foliage on the tips of the 
branches. 
The dead that comes inside of trees in the Fall 
is natural. This is old growth they are shedding. 
In Arbor Vitae these dead leaves can be shaken 
out of the tree in the Fall. 
INSECTS THAT ATTACK 
EVERGREENS 
Their Prevention and Removal 
RED SPIDERS when numerous cause the ever¬ 
green foliage to turn brown. They attack the red 
cedars, spruces and arbor vitae. They produce a 
mass of web and the inner branches turn yellow 
and dry. They are a sucking insect. 
Spraying or dusting should be done as soon as 
the spiders appear, and, if possible, before the 
foliage turns brown. The eggs of the red spider 
hatch in four or five days and the young spiders 
become full grown in seven to eight days after 
hatching. Therefore, for the best results a second 
application of spray or dust should be given about 
six days after the first application in order to kill 
young spiders which may have hatched out since 
the first treatment and before they mature and 
commence egg laying. 
Sulphur dust has proven very effective to con¬ 
trol red spider on evergreens, provided the dus't is 
applied on a warm day. Liquid lime sulphur ap¬ 
plied at the same rate as for white pine leaf scale 
is also effective. 
STRAWBERRY ROOT WEEVIL has ap¬ 
peared in Minnesota as a pest of evergreens. To 
date it has not been found in strawberry plantings 
in Minnesota to any extent. 
The injury to the trees is done during the Fall 
and also in the Spring up to the middle of June. 
At this time the insect is in the form of a small 
white grub about one-fourth inch or less in length. 
This grub feeds on the roots. When numerous all 
the small fibrous roots are destroyed and the tree 
dies. The first symptom of injury is a noticeable 
weakening of the new growth, which is usually 
reduced one half or more in length. When injury 
is more severe the entire new growth wilts. This 
usually occurs during the first part of June and is 
followed by the death of the tree. 
The adult weevil appears about the third week 
in June. This is a light brown to very dark brown 
beetle about 3/16 inch long. 
These weevils can be readily controlled by the 
use of poison bran bait applied when the weevils 
appear in June and before the eggs are laid. The 
proper time to apply this bait is as soon as 75 to 
90 per cent of the insects have changed into adult 
weevils. The bait should be broadcast around the 
trees during the late afternoon or evening so that 
it remains moist overnight. The weevils feed at 
at night and the moist bait is much more attrac¬ 
tive than a dry bait. Two applications about eight 
days apart or three applications about five days 
apart are recommended. 
Poison Bait Formula 
Bran..100 lbs. 
Water... 10 gals. 
Sugar....-. 20 lbs. 
Calcium arsenate or sodium fluosilicate... 10 lbs. 
Dissolve the sugar in water and mix this solu¬ 
tion thoroughly with the bran. As soon as the 
bran has absorbed all the solution and is uniform¬ 
ly moistened, add the powdered poison and mix it 
thoroughly with the moistened bran. 
PINE LEAF SCALE is most frequently found 
on pines and spruces but sometimes occurs on 
other conifers. The eggs which produce the sec¬ 
ond generation hatch during the last half of July. 
The young appear as tiny reddish insects which 
may crawl around on the foliage for several hours. 
They soon settle down and do not move again 
during their lifetime, except the males, which ac¬ 
quire wings on reaching maturity. After two or 
three weeks the characteristic white shield-like 
scale may be observed over the insect. 
The best control was found to be liquid lime 
sulphur diluted 1-15 or 1-20, applied any time dur¬ 
ing the growing season, giving a very high control 
against these scales. 
LEAF MINER. This insect lays its eggs along 
the stems of the new growth. It hatches into a 
small worm that cuts the needles off and lays a 
bundle around itself to form the containers for 
eggs. They do considerable damage and may ruin 
a tree. Spray with arsenate of lead as soon as 
discovered. 
THE SAW FLY will strip all foliage off white 
pine and kill the tree unless controlled. A heavy 
arsenate of lead spray will control the insect. 
