574 Mr. W. R. Ogilvie Grant on Birds 
From an exploration point of view, tlie journey only 
commenced at Yo-chu, a new treaty port at the entrance to 
the Tung-ting Lake. Skirting the south of this magnificent 
sheet of water, Capt. Wingate traversed Hunan, following 
the course of the Yuan River to its commencement at Chien- 
yang, and proceeded thence along its northern confluent, the 
Wu-ho, as far as Chen-yuan, which was reached at the end 
of December. Through Kweichu and Yunnan, his line of 
march lay nearly due west, past the cities of Kwei-yang, 
Pu-an-ting, Yunnan, and Ching-tung. After crossing the 
Upper Mekong River into the Kewa country, Capt. Wingate 
continued his western course as far as a place called Mong- 
kou; but there he found his way barred by hostile tribes, and 
was obliged to turn north and make for Bhamo, which was 
reached on the 20th April. From the interesting account 
of his journey recently published in the £ Geographical 
Journal'*, I quote the following passages :— 
“No sketch has, I believe, ever been made, nor have levels 
been taken, along this route from Yo-chu to Kwei-yang city ; 
and about 400 to 500 miles are in absolutely new country, 
especially some 200 miles between Yunnan city and Ching- 
tung, via I-men; and, again, portions of my route from the 
Ching-tung valley to Ma-li-pa, or Tawnio, as the English 
maps have it. 
“The Tung-ting lake is a splendid sheet of water, although 
very shallow (but in no sense a marsh, as sometimes described) 
* Vol. xiv. no. 6, pp. 639-646 (December, 1899). 
