123 
Chap. VIII.—B. S.] NEWLY-DISCOVERED LAW. 
in Peru; but mark its extraordinary increase in 
Europe since it effected its escape from our botanic 
gardens! 
But if weeds have to surmount tlie obstacles which 
new-comers in all countries have to face, they also 
benefit by the advantages derived from their organiza¬ 
tion coming for the first time in contact with a soil 
to them altogether virgin. This contact acts so power¬ 
fully that, provided the climate and other conditions 
required for the existence of a species are fulfilled, 
the new-comers will invariably become the victors in 
the great struggle for existence which immediately 
commences between them and the natives. This law 
seems to apply to the whole of organized nature, and 
man’s own history furnishes some of the most striking 
proofs of its catholicity. The whites and blacks have 
usurped the place of the American Indians, and the 
light-skinned Polynesian, though a dying-out race in 
the Hawaiian Islands and Hew Zealand since the 
arrival of new-comers of Teutonic origin, has never¬ 
theless managed to establish his ascendancy over the 
indigenous dark-skinned Papuan in many parts of Yiti. 
Hew-comers, always provided they gain a firm footing, 
have ever the advantage over those species or races 
established in the country before their arrival. This 
is well known to farmers and gardeners, and induces 
them to procure from distant parts stock and seeds of 
kinds identical with those already in their possession, 
because they know that the newly imported succeed 
better than their own. The law is further illustrated 
by a system of rotation crops, in which one kind of 
