103 
Birds of Kohat and Kurram. 
April or early in May, but I have counted over 80 roosting 
together as late as the 18th o£ May near Kohat. 
A few, however, mostly smaller birds, are resident all the 
year round. 
[3.] Corvus corone. The Carrion-Crow. 
Gumming. J. B. N. H. S. xvi. p. 686 (common in winter 
in Seistan, and often seen about houses); Ward, op. cit. 
xvii. p. 108 (resident in Kashmir, nesting between 8000 
and 10,000 ft.). 
505. $ ad. Kurram Valley, 5800 ft., 19th April. 
I am not sure whether this species occurs in the plains or 
not. Major Magrath has found it fairly common in winter 
in Bannu, so it probably does. In the Upper Kurram 
Valley it nests freely in April from 5000 ft. upwards, a 
Chinar (Plane-tree) near a village being usually selected as 
a nesting-site. Like the Raven, the Carrion-Crow is not a 
dweller in the wilds in these parts, but prefers the neigh¬ 
bourhood of mankind. 
[4.] Corvus macrorhynchus. The Jungle-Crow. 
Rattray, J. B. N. H. S. xii. p. 337 (Thall: very common); 
Fulton, op. cit. xvi. p. 45 (Lower Chitral: very common); 
Rattray, t. c. p. 421 (very common up to 9000 ft.: Murree 
Hills); Ward, op. cit. xvii. p. 108. 
Abundant in the plains from November till mid-April 
(last seen on the 28th), partially taking the place of C. 
splendens. In summer it retires to the Ilex- and Mr-clad 
slopes of the higher ranges, nesting freely on the Safed 
Koh. 
[5.] Corvus frugilegus. The Rook. 
Marshall, J. B. N. H. S. xiv. p. 601 (once seen in 
January near Quetta) ; Gumming, op. cit. xvi. p. 686 
(common in Seistan in winter); W 7 ard, op. cit. xvii. p. 108 
(occurs in winter along the R. Jhelurn). 
641. $ juv. Samana, 6500 ft., 5th March. 
744, 745. ? ; 746. juv. Kohat, 1760 ft., 25th March. 
Visits the district in large flocks in winter, arriving in 
November and remaining as late as the middle of April. 
