123 
Birds of Kohat and Kurram . 
song, often uttering it on the wing. Much more confiding 
in summer than at other seasons. 
[403.] Sylvia minuscula. The Small Whitethroat. 
Marshall, J. B. N. H. S. xiv. p. 602 (small flocks on 
migration in April). 
521. $ ad. Peiwar, 6500 ft., 22nd April. 
Probably not uncommon, but owing to its close resem¬ 
blance to the last species must have often been overlooked. 
Altogether I shot some half-dozen specimens around Kohat 
in the cold weather. It appears to breed, in company with 
the last species, in the Kurram Valley, this example having 
been secured in a locality where many of the latter were then 
nesting. 
[407.] Phylloscopus tristis. The Brown Willow - 
Warbler. 
Marshall, J. B. N. H. S. xiv. p. 602 (shot one in February); 
Ward, op. cit. xvii. p. 112 (eggs taken in Ladakh). 
56. $ ad. Kohat, 1760 ft., 31st December. 
110. $ ad. „ „ 11th February. 
Extremely common up to about 5000 feet from eany 
September till about the middle of May. Found everywhere, 
in gardens, groves, scrub-jungle, and desert; also on stony 
hill-sides where there is vegetation, in bare stubbles, and 
standing crops. It frequents more especially the neighbour¬ 
hood of water, reed-beds, water-plants, and irrigation cuts. 
An expert flycatcher and very active. Except in spring, it 
is very silent. 
[408.] Phylloscopus indicus. The Olivaceous Willow- 
W arbler. 
Ward, J. B. N. H. S. xvii. p. 112 (eggs taken in August 
in Ladakh, 11,500 ft.). 
185. $ ad. Kohat, 1760 ft., 5th April. 
Passes through Kohat in small numbers on migration in 
March and April. I only once observed it on the return 
migration, when a solitary example was seen on the 16th 
of September. Nests freely in parts of the Safed Koh 
Bange. Differs in habits from other Willow-Warblers in 
