392 Mr. A. L. Butler on Birds observed 
(ii.) Motacilla flava cinereocapilla Savi? 
a. £ . Khor Arbat, 6. 5. 08. 
Mr. M. J. Nicoll, who has kindly noted his opinions on 
the labels of a large series of Yellow Wagtails collected by 
me in the Sudan, has marked this bird M. f. flava . It has, 
however, much more white on the throat than any of my 
large series of that form, and, though it has a broad and 
distinct white eyebrow, the lores and ear-coverts are very 
dark blackish grey, and the ear-coverts shew no traces of 
white. I should call it M. f. cinereocapilla with an unusually 
well-defined superciliary stripe. The testes were of the size 
of hemp-seeds. 
(iii.) Motacilla flava pygmcea A. E. Brehm? 
a. $ . Khor Arbat, 12. 5. 08. 
I have atypical specimen of this well-marked small resident 
Egyptian race, with a wing of 73 mm., kindly given me by 
Mr. M. J. Nicoll. My Khor Arbat bird almost exactly 
agrees with it, but has a wing of 78 mm.; it was apparently 
paired with a female which I did not get. There were only 
two birds in all, in what seemed quite a likely breeding- 
place, near permanent running water. The testes of this 
bird were enlarged to about the size of hemp-seeds, as in the 
bird referred to M. f. cinereocapilla. These are the only two 
Yellow Wagtails that I have shot in the Sudan in the spring 
in which the testes have been at all enlarged. 
I notice that in Mr. NicolPs Egyptian specimen of M . /. 
pygmcea the longest secondary exceeds the longest primary 
by 1 mm. I have before me some fifty skins of Yellow 
Wagtails, including M ./. rail, M. f. flava , M. f. melonocephala, 
M. f. melanogrisea , M. /. borealis, &c., and this is the only 
bird in which this is the case. I do not know if this is the 
rule in M. /. pygmcea, but if so, the slight difference in the 
proportionate length of primaries and secondaries in the non- 
migratory bird would be interesting. In my slightly larger 
Khor Arbat bird, however, the secondaries fall short of the 
primaries by 7 mm. 
