448 
Mr. C. Ingram on the 
82. [Corvus torquatus Less. White-breasted Crow. 
I include this bird on the authority of Sir Evan James, 
who states The Long White Mountain/ p. 270) that 
“ White-breasted Crows were common.” There is no reason 
why C. torquatus should not occur in Manchuria. I observed 
it plentifully round Shanghai in April 1907.] 
83. Corvus corone orientalis. Eastern Carrion-Crow. 
Tacz. p. 533; Dresser, p. 421 ; Hart. p. 12. 
a. $. Khingan Mts., alt. 3400 ft. June 9, 1908. 
Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black. 
From Yingtzu, S. Manchuria, Bianchi records a specimen 
of C. corone (d, Jan. 9, 1901). He possibly does not con¬ 
sider the eastern race worthy of subspecific rank, and most 
likely his bird is C. corone orientalis. Sir Evan James writes 
that Crows are common in S. Manchuria. 
84. Corvus macrorhynchus japonensis. Japanese 
Jungle-Crow. 
Tacz. p. 530 ; Dresser, p. 422 ; Ingram, Ibis, 1908, p. 149. 
a. Near Hunchun. [Nov. 6, 1886.] (E. J.) 
Compared with Japanese specimens, the bill is not so large 
in Sir Evan James’s bird. 
85. Corvus corax ussurianus. Ussurian Raven. 
Tacz. p. 527 ; Dresser, p. 423 ; Hart. p. 4. 
a. $ . Khingan Mts., alt. 3800 ft. June 15, 1908. 
Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black. 
This example was moulting heavily when shot, so I am 
unable to give its wing-formula ; however, there seems little 
doubt that it belongs to this subspecies. 
86. Corvus frugilegus pastinator. Eastern Rook. 
Tacz. p. 537 ; Dresser, p. 427 ; Hart. p. 14. 
a. £ . Chang-chun, Kirin Province. July 13, 1908. 
An immature bird. Bianchi received a skin from 
Yingtzu, killed March 6, 1901. 
