Birds of Manchuria. 451 
92. Dendrocopus leuconotus (Bechst.). White-backed 
W oodpecker. 
Tacz. p. 701 ; Buturlin, Mitt. d. Kauk. Mus. Bd. iii. 
(Tiflis). 
a, b. $ . Khingan Mts., 3800 ft. May 29, 1908. 
c. . Khingan Mts., 3400 ft. June 16, 1908. 
d. <$. Shin hon ? June 16, 1886. 
e. juv. $. Pai-shan Range, July 7, 1886. 
/. $ . . Chang-tsai Ling, 80 miles E. of Kirin. (Nov. 19, 
1886.) 
g. S • Sansing. (Oct. 13, 1886.) 
Iris mahogany or red-brown; feet and bill bluish- 
black. 
This Woodpecker is evidently found throughout the 
country, as Sir Evan James also met with it, and in a 
number of different localities. My Manchurian birds seem 
to be typical, both in measurement and coloration, but one 
of Sir Evan’s appears to belong to the whiter race known as 
D. 1. cirris Pall. 
Buturlin (t. c. p. 60) has divided D. leuconotus into eight 
forms, but the differences mentioned by him in most cases 
appear to me to be very trifling. I have not yet examined 
specimens from China, but “ a black cross-band behind the 
ears ” does not seem to be a very distinctive character, as it 
is subject to some variation. In one or two of Sir E. James’s 
specimens this band is well-developed. 
About the same time as, or a little after, the appearance of 
Buturlin’s paper, Austin Clark described what he thought 
were two new subspecies from Corea and the Ussuri Country 
(Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxxii. p. 470). He called the 
latter ussurianus , a name, curiously enough, also used by 
Buturlin in describing one of his forms from the same 
country. But the two descriptions are very different. 
Buturlin (who examined about twelve specimens) says that 
the u chest and breast.are roseate-brownish, or dirty 
isabelline, resembling those of D. lilfordi .” Clark (who 
only had one skin at his disposal) describes his ussurianus 
