2 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
lida ssepe basi interrupta ramosa, e spiculis 12-30 plu- 
ribusve androgynis apice masculis, superioribus simpli- 
cibus congestis, inferioribus compositis subremotis saepe 
in ramos 2-4 subpollicares insidentibns breve setaceo- 
bracteatis; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis ovalibus vel ovatis 
breve rostratis bifidis plano-convexis enerviis rarius ner- 
vatis, marginibus acutis inflexis superne serratis, pal- 
lide viridibus lncidis, squama ovata acuta vel cuspidata 
albida nervo viridi longioribus.—C. folios a, Don, Prod. 
42 ! Lin. Trans, xiv. 327 ! C. notoleia, Nees, 121! 
Kunth, 388. (Tab. III.) 
ITab. In montibus temperatis Indise totee, alt. 4-9000 
ped. Nilghiri, Wight! Klrasia, Hooker! et Thomson! 
et Himalaya tota a Sikkim! ad Kashmir ! 
Culmus |-2Uped., acutangulus, apice scaber, basi foliosns. 
Folia 1^-2^ tin. lata, culmo longiora, plana, graminea. Brac- 
tece setace®, breves: inferiores rarins spiculis vel ramis lon- 
giores. Spica 1-3| poll, longa, 4-6 lin. lata. Spiculce parv®, 
ovat®, sessiles, omnes contigu® vel inferiores subremot®; 
rami ssepe pollicares, iniimus rare lg poll, remotus bracteaquc 
ramo longiori suffultus. Perigynium l^-l-pV lin. longum, 
V, ~ 7 w bn. latum. Achenium T “ () - lin. longum, 1 7 1 - lin. latum, 
stipitatum, lenticulare, pallide castaneum, basi styli clavata 
decidua. 
Yariat rarius in speciminibus quibusdam Royleanis perigy¬ 
niis dorso trinervibus; in Thomsonianis utrinque 3-6-nervatis. 
Differt a C. nubigena culmo acutangulo scabriori, foliis 
planis gramineis, perigyniis brevius rostratis enerviis vel rarius 
parce nervatis, bracteis brevibus setaceis; 
A C. divulsa, Good., vix, nisi culmo ssepe altiori validiori, 
spiculis pluribus magis confertis, foliis latioribus, distincta. In 
omnibus notis gravibus culmo acutangulo, spica simplici vel 
ramosa, perigyniis adpresso-erectis plerumque enerviis vel 
parce nervatis, bracteis setaceis brevibus rarius elongatis, certe 
congruunt. 
Nees, under G. notoleia, quotes Wall. 3387 (ex parte'), and de¬ 
scribes tlie spike as “ basi subinterrupta and under G. foliosa, 
Don, for which he also quotes "Wallich, unthout any number, and 
of which therefore he probably had no specimen from him, “ spi¬ 
culis approximate, inferioribus remotiusculis .” Nees also quotes 
Royle under C. foliosa, without giving, as is usual with him, any 
number attached to the specimen; and as he adds, “ An C. vulpinee 
forma ?” I do not quote his O. foliosa as a synonym to C. foliosa, 
Don. The specimen he had before him was one, I suspect, from 
Herb. Boyle, and which he referred to the G. foliosa, Don, having 
no authentic specimen of that plant from Herb. Wallich to com¬ 
pare with it. I have a specimen from Boyle, which is too young 
for a satisfactory opinion about it, but which I believe to be the 
G. vulpina of Europe, and I was told by Dr. Royle that he had 
received European plants which occasionally had been mixed with 
his Indian ones. As no other collector in India has met with a 
similar specimen, I suspect the one in question was from Europe, 
and is what Nees refers to under his G. foliosa. I suspect the Indian 
G. foliosa will be found inseparable from the European G. divulsa, 
which Ledebour finds in the Altai. Both he and Anderson notice 
the roughness on the margins of the perigynium, the absence of 
which Nees makes use of as a character distinguishing C. divulsa 
from his C. notoleia. 
I have not seen any specimens of this plant from Ceylon. 
4. C. Walkeri (Arnott); spica purpurea elongata, e 
spiculis plurimis plerumque anclrogynis apice masculis 
gracilibus insequalibus laxifloris erectis vel nutantibus 
fasciculatis decomposita; fasciculis 6, inferioribus longe 
exserte pedunculatis bracteatisque, e pedunculis 4-12 
longis capillaceis simplicibus vel 2-3 spiculiferis compo¬ 
sitis ; stigmatibus 3 longis; perigyniis elongatis anguste 
lanceolatis longe rostratis bicuspidatis triquetris nervatis 
superne margine serratis demum alternatim dissitis, 
squama lanceolata obtusa aristata purpurea margine 
albo-hyalina longioribus.—C. Walkeri, Arnott MSS. in 
Herb.! Boott, Lin. Trcms. xx. 129 (1846). (Tab. IV.) 
Hab. In Zeylania, Walker! Gardner, 942, Herb. 
Heward! 
Culmus sub-3-pedalis, triqueter, rigidus, Levis, apice gracilis, 
scabriusculus, basi foliis vestientibus purpureis tectus; pars 
fasciculos gerens sesquipedalis. Folia 3-4 lin. lata, culmum 
subsequantia. Bractece vaginat®, inferiores 2 lin. lat®, culmo 
breviores. Vagina inferiores 1-1^-polL, superiores 3-5 lin. 
long®, 1-2 lin. long®, purpure®. Spiculce 1-2J,- poll, long®, 
1-2 lin. lat®, s®pius androgyn®, apice plus minus mascul®, 
qu®dam (summce) omnino vel fere tote mascul®, ali® (inter 
minores) foemine®, basi demum alternatim dissitiflor®. Pe- 
dunculi capillacei, scabri. Squamce omnes longe aristat®, con- 
formes, mascul® imbricat®. Perigynium 3| lin. longum, 
-ft lin. latum, viride, superne purpureum, leviter nervatum. 
Achenium stipitatum, l— 8 - 0 - lin. longum, T f lin. latum, lineari- 
triquetrum, pallide ferrugineum, basi styli apiculatum. 
I first met with this species in Herb. Arnott, under the MS. 
name which it bears, and described it in the twentieth volume of 
the Linnean Transactions. I have since been indebted to Mr. 
Heward for a specimen collected by the late Mr. Gardner in 
Ceylon. It is apparently confined to that island. 
5. C. curvata (Boott); spica oblonga pallide castanea, 
e spiculis 5-7 androgynis apice masculis simplicibus vel 
inferioribus compositis, superioribus ovatis congestis, re- 
liquis oblongis subremotis longe foliaceo-bracteatis; 
stigmatibus 3; perigyniis (immaturis) oblongo-ovalibus, 
ore kyalino obliquo, castaneis nervis marginalibus viri¬ 
dibus ssepe apice ad margines parce denticulatis lucidis, 
squama ovata acuta pallide castanea margine hyalina 
longioribus. (Tab. Y.) 
Hab. In Himalaya orientali alpina ad Sikkim, alt. 
12-14,000 ped. (graminosis), J. D. Hooker! 
C®spitosa. Culmus 3-5-poll., l®vis, obtusangulus, curvatus. 
Folia conduplicata, filiformia, scabra, culmo longiora, curvata. 
Bracteee inferiores culmo longiores. Spica sesquipollicaris. 
Spiculce 2-6 lin. long®, 2 lin. lat®, apice parce mascul®. 
Perigynium 1-Y lin. longum, T 4 o —2 lin. latum. Achenium -f 
lin. longum, -f- lin. latum, oblongo-ovale, triquetrum, basi 
styli crassiore decidua stipitatum, postice racheola ligulata 
nervosa margine serrata viridi, interdum exserta, pr®ditum. 
I know of no near affinity with this species. The racheola 
sometimes ruptures the perigynium, and in one instance I have 
observed an exserted axis supporting a perigynium with its scale. 
This tendency to composition is more frequent than has been ge¬ 
nerally supposed, and though perhaps the presence of a simple 
racheola is more commonly met with in the Bsyllophorce than any 
other group, I have noticed it in so many others that I suspect it 
is by no means uncommon. It may easily be overlooked, as where 
found it is not always present in every perigynium. 
Drejer says that the Bsyllophorce “ manifesto considerand® sunt, 
ut form® hebetat® Caricum genuinarum,” and independent of the 
analogous forms of their perigynia, upon which he grounds the 
remark, I think the frequency of the racheola in them may tend 
to confirm it. 
6. C. setigera, /3, minor (Don); spicis 3-6, masculis 
1-2 sessilibus, foemineis 3-4 abbreviatis vel oblongis 
densifloris, superioribus apice masculis sessilibus, inferio¬ 
ribus plus minus exserte pedunculatis, omnibus bracteatis 
