8 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
tioribus longioribusque.—C. macrogyna, Turczaninoff 
{Herb. Ilooher! et Boott). (Tab. XXII.) 
Hab. In Tibetia occidentali alpina ad Nubra, alt. 15- 
17,000 ped., Dr. Thomson. “Ad Torrhentem Tessa,” 
Turcz., Herb. Hooker! “In alpe ad torr. Dschylgyn, 
1836,” Tttrcz., Herb. Boott! 
Dense csespitosa. Radix e fibris lignosis validis nigris 
composita. Culmus 12-16-poll., validus, rigidus, obtusangulus, 
laevissimus, nudus, basi foliosus vaginisque ruarcidis reliquiis- 
que foliorum tectus; pars spicas gerens 1^-3 poll, longa. 
Folia ^-2 lin. lata, culmo subduplo breviora, rigida, carinata, 
apice longe attenuata, cur vat a, pallide viridia, demum flavida. 
Bractea 2, vaginatae, culmo semper, spicis suis scape, breviores: 
infima saepius solum subfoliacea : suinmse squamaeformes. Va¬ 
ginae 3-8 lin. longae. Pedunculi 3-15 lin. longi, glabri. Spica 
termmalis 6-11 lin. longa, lj—2 lin. lata, sessilis vel pedun- 
culata: reliquac 2-3, rarius 1-5 foeminese: superiores ssepe 
abbreviatae, sessiles, spica terminali arete contiguae: inferiores 
6-13 lin. longse, 2-2^ lin. latse: infima 1-11 poll, remota, 
rarius radicalis. Squamae conformes, obtusissimse. Perigynium 
2 1 '\ ] —f- lin. longum, T 7 „—1 lin. latum, oblongo-ellipticum, ssepe 
in rostellum desinens, ore truncato albo-hyalino obliquo de- 
mum fisso, superne scabrum, marginibusque serratum basi 
glabrum, antice lseviter nervatum; nervis 2 lateralibus magis 
prominentibus. Achenium (cum stipite T 4 , r lin. longo) 1 T 7 0 lin. 
longum, T 7 7l lin. latum, oblongo-triquetrum, angulis insequa- 
libus, basi styli persistente apiculatum, pallidum. 
Affinis C. sempervirenti, Yill., quse differt spicis minoribus 
remotis, terminali semper mascula : squamis acutis; perigyniis 
longius rostratis; culmo gracili, superne scabro, inferne foliato; 
foliis planis gramineis, sterilibus longissimis. 
A C. hirtella, Drejer, spica terminali ssepe basi fosminea, 
feemineis 2-3 longioribus; squamis obtusis; vagina glabra; 
perigyniis brevioribus, rostellatis, ore truncato minus alte 
fisso; culmo rigido, crassiori, laevissimo; foliis rigidis, latio- 
ribus, differt. 
In a large suite of specimens in Dr. Thomson’s collection I 
found— 
48 spicis 3. 31 spica terminali mascula. 
36 spicis 4. 42 spica terminali basi feeminea. 
5 spicis 5. 8 spicis terminalibus 2 masculis. 
1 spicis 6. 9 spicis terminalibus 2 basi feemineis. 
But it was difficult in some cases to determine whether the ter¬ 
minal spike was really basi feeminea, or whether the perigynia at 
its base did not properly belong to an abbreviated, very approxi¬ 
mate, female spike. The perigynium figured is smaller and nar¬ 
rower than usual, and does not exhibit the rostellum or membra¬ 
nous orifice;—see that figured at Tab. XXXI. under the name of 
C. obtusa, as more correct. The bract at i is that of one of the 
upper spikes. 
This species, with 0. hirtella, Drejer, G. tristis, Bieb., C. hcema- 
tostoma, and G. psychrophila, Nees, etc., belong to the group 
Ferruginece of Tuckerman, and represent on the mountains of 
Northern India those analogous species found on the Alps of Eu¬ 
rope. None have been brought from the Nilghiries. 
In Arctic America we have O. Franldinii, Boott, G. petricosa, 
Dewey (of which we have no mature specimens), and G. fuliginosa, 
St. and Hop. In the United States the group has no represen¬ 
tative, except the imperfectly known G. jv/ncea, Willd., found on 
the mountains of Carolina. I am not aware of any published de¬ 
scription of G. macrogyna. I have copied the tickets affixed to 
authentic specimens in Herb. Hooker. My own specimen I re¬ 
ceived from M. Fischer, of Moscow. 
21. C. nncinioides (Boott); spica oblonga castanea, e 
spiculis 6-8 androgynis apice parce masculis ellipticis 
contiguis composita, superioribus sessilibus, inferioribus 
basi attenuatis laxifloris remotiusculis, infima breve vel 
(subradicali) longe pedunculata bracteata rarius basi com¬ 
posita ; stigmatibus 3; perigyniis lanceolatis plano-tri- 
quetris, ore emarginato antice altius secto, superne sca- 
briusculis, marginibus serratis, crebre leviter nervosis 
(racheola exserta) pallidis demum ferrugineis, squama 
lanceolata obtusa vel subacuta cuspidata amplectente 
castanea nervo pallide viridi angustioribus submquantibus 
vel longioribus. (Tab. XXIII.) 
ITab. In Himalaya orientali temperata, ad S ikki m 
alt. 10-15,000 ped., J.D. Hooker. 
Culmus 10-18-poll., validus, obtusangulus, Isevissimus, stria- 
tus, basi foliatus. Folia 1-2 lin. lata, culmo multum breviora, 
marginibus scabrmsculis. Bractece basi squamaeformes, fili- 
formes, spiculis suis breviores : infima amplectens vel (subradi- 
calis) vaginata, breve foliacea. Pedunculus infimus 3-4 lin. vel 
rarius 4 poll, longus. Spica I|-3| poll, longa, 4-5 lin. lata. 
Spicula 6—10 lin. longse, 2—3 lin. latse, apice parce masculse, 
omnes contiguse: inferiores remotiusculse, vel infima interdum 
subradicalis : in uno specimine basi spiculis 3 parvis composite. 
Squama conformes, castanese vel ferruginese: masculse angus- 
tiores, ssepe inconspicuse. Perigynium 3-1-4 lin. longum, fp- 
-ro- bn- latum. Achenium 2-2 T % lin. longum, \ lin. latum, 
triquetrum, antice sulcatum, basi styli incrassata apiculatum. 
Racheola 3|-5 lin. longa, ligulata, serrata, pallida, apice appen- 
dice ferruginea, demum extra os perigynii exserta. 
It is probable that the inflorescence of this remarkable species 
may hereafter be found to be more compound than in the speci¬ 
mens discovered by Dr. Hooker, judging from the occasional ex¬ 
istence of the lower spicula with lateral branches, and from its 
subradical position. The existence of a racheola in it and in G. 
cw'vata is an exception among the androgynous group of the 
genus, and from its constancy in O. uncinioides, if it be the rudi¬ 
ment of an axis, may be found hereafter to be developed into one, 
though such development has not been observed in the species 
furnished with a similar organ, with which we have long been 
familiar, G. microglochin, Wahl. 
22. C. notha (Kunth); spicis 4-8 atro- demum fla- 
vido-purpureis subcontiguis clavatis cylindricisque, ter¬ 
minali mascula vel rarius basi mascula, reliquis feemineis, 
superioribus subsessilibus, inferioribus pedunculatis brac- 
teatis evaginatis erectis vel nutantibus basi attenuato- 
laxifloris; stigmatibus 2; perigyniis ovatis vel ellipticis 
basi productis rostratis, ore bidentato demum integro ob¬ 
liquo, plano-convexiusculis flavidis lineolis lucidis resi- 
nosis ferrugineis maculatis, antice 5- postice 2-3-nerviis, 
squama oblonga obtusa ssepe subemarginata vel acuta 
mutica vel mucronulata purpurea nervo pallido latioribus 
longioribusque.—C. notha, Kunth, Gyp. 421. C. punc¬ 
tata, Nees! cvpud Wight, Contr. 127 {non Gaudin) . C. 
victorialis, Nees!, 1. c. 126; Kunth, 516. C. Benthamiana, 
Boott, Boyle, Illustr. (prefacej. C. rostellata. Gay, MSS. 
in Herb. Jacquemont! (Tab. XXIY.) 
ITab. In Himalaya temperata: Kumaon, Thomson; 
Simla, Edgeworth; Sikkim, alt. 12,000 ped., J. D. Hooker. 
Urukta, Boyle, n. 110. Rogee, in Kunawur, Boyle, n. 
125. Mauma, Boyle, n. 145, (C. victorialis, Nees.) 
Nohra, in Sirmoor, 9000 ped.; Karli, 5-8000 ped., 
Edgeworth. In ripas Pabur fluminis, apud Chergaon, 
5000 ped., Munro, n. 2432. In herbosis humidis: 
Chini, Kunawur, Jacquemont, n. 1345 (C. rostellata, 
Gay). Kumaon et Surliwal, alt. 6-9000 ped., Thomson, 
Herb. Hooker. 
Culmus 9-poll, ad 2-ped., triqueter, firmus, angulis superne 
