ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
17 
10-12 composite: omnes sessiles, congestge, imbricate, quasi 
florentes, tamen perigynia matura seclusa ferentes. Squama 
conformes, acute: infima mucronato-setacea. Perigynium 
breve stipitatum, suborbiculatum, 1 t 4 -q lin. longum, vel ovatum, 
longius rostratum, l-^ lin. longum, lbm latum, superne 
ad margines alatum, serratum. Achenium lin. longum, 
4 lin. latum, lenticulare, basi productum, fuscum, basi styli 
sequali decidua. 
This species was founded on a few specimens, brought from the 
Columbia River by Mr. Scouler many years ago, and was described 
and figured in the ‘Flora Boreali-Americana’ of Sir W. J. Hooker. 
I have not since seen any other specimens. The difference in the 
form of the perigynium may be seen by a reference to the two 
figures, though the winged margin, which varies in width, is not 
expressed in the original figure in the FI. Bor. Am. The only 
species allied to it, that I know of, is the 0. Sartwellii, of Dewey, 
but that, perhaps inseparable from the C. disticTia of Hudson, 
varies in the distribution of the stamina, and in the lower spiculae 
being simple. 
44. C. Hoodii (Boott); spica ferruginea, e spiculis an- 
drogynis apice masculis 9-10 vel pluribus ovatis compo- 
sita, spiculis in capitulum ovatum nudum vel bracteatum 
arete congestis; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis ovatis rostra- 
tis acute bifidis, ore antice altius fisso, pallidis ferrugineo- 
tinctis demum utrinque nervatis marginibus acutis ser- 
ratis, squama ovata acuta vel mucronata striato-nervata 
ferruginea nervo viridi margine albo-hyalina aequilata 
longioribus.—C. Hoodii, Boott, Hook. FI. Bor. Am. ii. 
211. t. 211. C. congesta, Meyer (in Herb. Heward). 
(Tab. XLYI.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali, ad ripas fl. Colum- 
bise, Douglas, Scouler; Kamtscbatka, Meyer ; California, 
in paludosis, Tlmrber, n. 15. 
Culmus -|-2-ped., inferne foliatus, superne nudus, acutan- 
gulus, scaber, basi rudimentis foliorum atro-purpureis tectus. 
Folia 1-11 lin. lata, partem inferiorem fere dimidiam culmi 
vaginantia, deorsum breviora: superius culmuni sequans vel eo 
longius. Spicula 3-4 lin. longse, basi 2-3 lin. late, in capi¬ 
tulum ovatum 8-10 lin. longum, 5-6 lin. latum, arete eongeste, 
basi squamis hispido-cuspidatis suffulte. Squama conformes, 
acute vel mucronatse. Perigynium 1^-2 lin. longum, -Jg- 
lin. latum. Achenium ^ lin. longum, -A- lin. latum, orbicu- 
latum, basi productum, lenticulare, basi styli (in speciminibus 
e California) incrassata, decidua. 
The specimens figured are those from the Columbia, in which 
the perigynia are not mature, and show scarcely any indications of 
nerves. Dr. Torrey has since sent me specimens gathered by 
Thurber in California, in which the nerves are distinct, and the 
base of the style incrassate; the stem is shorter than in the Co¬ 
lumbia species. 
I named this species after the amiable Lieutenant Hood, the 
companion of Sir John Franklin and Sir John Richardson. It 
may prove to be the G. antkericoides of Presl, with which it agrees, 
except that the spicul® cannot be said to be “ oblong-lanceolate.” 
It is allied to G. faetida and G. curaica, Kunth, differing from the 
former in a less attenuated rostrum and a serrated perigynium, 
and from the latter in the acutely bifid perigynium. I observe a 
specimen in the herbarium of Mr. Heward, named G. congesta by 
Meyer; I am not aware of his having published it. 
45. C. exilis (Dewey); polymorpha; spica simplici 
cyiindrica dioica, vel androgyna basi vel omnino mas- 
cula, vel e spiculis 2-6 feemineis, terminali oblonga basi 
coarctato-sterili, reliquis brevioribus paucifloris contiguis 
sessilibus composita; stigmatibus 2; perigyniis ovatis 
vel lanceolatis plus minus longe rostratis bidentatis plano- 
convexis demum horizontaliter patentibus superne sub- 
alatis serratis antice plus minus leviter nervatis pallidis 
ferrugineo-tinctis, squama ovata acuta vel obtusissima 
ferruginea margine albo-liyalina subaequilata longioribus. 
—C. exilis, Dewey, Sill. xiv. 351 (1828); Kunth, 419; 
Tor. Mon. 387; Carey, l.c. 509; Sartwell, Fxs. n. 2. 
(Tab. XLYII.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali. Massachusetts to 
New Jersey, in swamps and wet meadows. 
Csespitosa. Culmus 1-2-ped., filiformis, rigidus, obtuse tri- 
queter, sulcatus, glaber, vel apice scabriusculus, basi vaginis 
longis ferrugineis fibrilloso-laceratis tectus. Folia basi invo- 
luta, filiformia, rigida, culmo breviora. Spica mascula, vel, 
ex eadem radice, androgyna, apice extremo, vel rarius versus 
apicem foeminea, 5-15 lin. longa, 1-1^ lin. lata. Spica feemi- 
nea solitaria, vel e spiculis 2-5 composita: terminalis oblonga, 
6-10 lin. longa, 3-4 lin. lata, basi e squamis paucis vacuis 
arete amplectentibus coarctata: reliquse minores, 2-5 lin. longse, 
2-3 lin. latse, omnes contiguse, sessiles, nudse, vel infima ra¬ 
rius breve bracteata. Squama ferruginese, margine late albo- 
hyalinse : mascula obtusse vel acutse; inferiores ssepe latiores : 
vel omnes lanceolatse, acutse: foeminea late ovatse, omnes 
acutse, vel inferiores obtusissimse, nervo infra apicem eva- 
nescente; superiores angustiores, acuminatse, acutse; infima 
rarius spiculse inferioris apice breve cuspidata. Perigynium 
l x 6 - (T -2 T 2 o' lin. longum, T 6 g—Ao hn. latum, plus minus rostra- 
tum: ad basin spiculse latius, rostro lin. longo; ad 
apicem angustius, rostro T 5 T lin. longo; antice plus minus le¬ 
viter nervatum, nervis lateralibus obsoletis, vel superne eva- 
nidis; postice enerve, vel basi striato-nervatis: pallide viride, 
medio vel apice ferrugineo-tinctum, ore ad margines albo- 
liyalino : superne anguste alatum: sursum e medio margine 
serratum, demum horizontaliter divergens: plano-convexum, 
basi spongiosum, turgidum, marginibus rectis, vel minime 
spongiosum, marginibus tenuibus ssepe revolutis. Achenium 
t„ lin. longum, -/(- lin. latum, ovatum, basi productum, ferru- 
gineum. Stylus incrassatus, deciduus. 
This species was founded by Dewey on specimens discovered 
by Air. Oakes, in Massachusetts, all of which were of one spicula, 
male or androgynous, and female, and it was placed among the 
Psyllophorce. Since 1828 other specimens have been found, espe¬ 
cially by Mr. Knieskern in New Jersey, more evolute, with three 
to six female spiculse, the terminal one, as in the solitary female, 
sterile at base, and two to five contiguous smaller ones. The ex¬ 
istence of these distinct spiculse necessarily separate the species 
from the Psyllophorce. It proves the correctness of the remark of 
Drejer, that that artificial group is to be considered as “form® 
hebetat® Caricum; monostachy® incipiunt, evaduntque pliosta- 
chy®.” The evident affinity of G. exilis is with the Slellulatce, and 
from its dioicous character it is allied to G. sterilis, in which I ob¬ 
serve the same modification in the form and substance of the base 
of the perigynium, either turgid and spongy, with obtuse mar¬ 
gins, or with no spongy substance interposed; the margins thin 
and acute. It is this last form which I think induced Tucker- 
man’s remark as to C. sterilis: “ Species,” he says, “ mihi bona, non 
modo habitu insigni et historia, sed etiam perigyniis distincta.” 
I have not observed any anther® or trace of filaments at the 
base of the terminal female spicula, nor any male or androgynous 
spicul® on the same root with the female ones; but with the male 
spicula, simple androgynous ones are associated on the same root. 
In two specimens only, out of very many I have examined, there 
is an appearance as if the terminal spike occasionally was male, 
with the rudiment of a female one, or with two females at its base; 
but on close observation several of the scales on one of the spe¬ 
cimens, and all on the other are sterile, showing no trace of an¬ 
thers or perigynium. 
46. C. amplifolia (Boott); spiels 5-6 cylindricis elon- 
