ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
23 
Arctic America, one of which, brought from Lake Huron by Sir 
John Richardson in 1849, is figured Tab. LIX. I cannot distin¬ 
guish the G. orthostachys of Meyer from this species. I have not 
seen specimens from Lake Ontario, on which Dewey founds his 
G. mircita, but the plant described in Sill, xxvii. 240, is certainly 
that of Brown. In "Wood’s Bot. no mention is made of the hairy 
vaginae and leaves, though reference is made to the plant described 
in Sill, as G. aristcita, in which this important character is given. 
59. C. tenax (Chapman); spicis 3-4 oblongis, termi¬ 
nal! mascula oblonga vel cylindrica albida subsessili, reli- 
quis fcemineis griseo-viridibus densifloris sessilibus conti- 
guis evaginatis, vel infima subremota pedunculata; brac- 
teis culmum subsequantibus vel infima (< sterili) eo lon- 
giori; stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis ovalibus subacute trique- 
tris rostellatis, ore pallido integro vel emarginato, pubes- 
centibus basi glabris crebre insequaliter nervosis, squama 
ovata acuta albida, medio viridi trinervi, latioribus longio- 
ribusque; culmo foliisque glabris.—C. tenax, Chapman, 
MSS.; Dewey, Sill, xviii. 254. C. Chapmani, Sartwell, 
Exs. n. 113. (Tab. LX.) 
ILab. In America Boreali. Florida, Chapman. Geor¬ 
gia, Le Conte. 
Culmus 12-15-pofi., gracilis, firmus, basi foliatus, vaginisque 
pallidis scabriusculis tectus; pars spicas gerens 15 lin. 21 poll, 
longa. Folia lineam lata, culmo breviora, rigida, ssepe invo- 
luta. Bract,ex culmum subsequantcs, evaginatse, vel infima 
eo paulo longior, ssepe sterilis, e spicis II: poll, remota. Spica 
mascula 6-12 lin. longa, 1-11 Hu. lata, subsessilis. Spicce 
fceminece 6-7 lin. longse, 3-3| lin. latte, densiflorse, 12-15- 
florse: omnes contiguse, sessiles, vel infima 1-1 poll, remota, 
breve pedunculata. Squamce omnes albse, nervo viridi, acuta;, 
muticse. Perigynium 2-21 lin- longum, 1-1-po lin. latum, ore 
pallido, viride, pubescens, basi glabrum, ferrugineum. Ache- 
nium 1-jSj- lin. longum, lineam latum, triquetrum, basi styli 
apiculatum. 
C. dasycarpce arete affinis. Differt culmo foliisque glabris 
(nec pilosis); vaginis foliorum scabriusculis; spicis fcemineis 
densi-plurifloris; perigyniis pubescentibus, acute triquetris; 
squamis acutis muticis nec ciliatis; foliis angustioribus ssepe 
involutis. 
Round by Dr. Chapman on sand-hills in Rlorida. With the 
exception of the larger spikes and the simply acute scales, the 
main difference between it and G. dasycarpa is the smoothness of 
the first as compared with the last, a character that will be more 
satisfactorily estimated when we are more familiar with G. dasy¬ 
carpa. I have not seen perfectly mature specimens of the last. 
In both, but especially in C. tenax , when the achenium is removed 
and the perigynium is held up to the light, it is found to be beset 
in the interstices between the nerves with ferruginous spots. 
60. C. pubescens (Muhlenberg); spicis 4 rarius 5 pal¬ 
lidis demum pallide ferrugineis, terminali mascula ob¬ 
longa vel cylindrica sessili, reliquis fcemineis sublaxifloris 
oblongis contiguis sessilibus evaginatis vel infima cylin¬ 
drica basi laxiflora brevi vel (rarius remota) longissime 
exserte pedunculata nutanti; bracteis culmo brevioribus 
vel infima eo paulo longiori; stigmatibus 3; perigyniis 
obovatis basi cuneatis acute triquetris longiuscule rostra- 
tis bidentatis enerviis pubescentibus, squama ovata ob- 
tusa truncata nunc emarginata apice ciliata albida demum 
pallide ferruginea cuspidata longioribus vel (infimis cus- 
pide) brevioribus, superioribus earn sequantibus.-—C. pu¬ 
bescens, Muhl. 244; Willd. iv. 281; Schk. f. 126, e.e.e.; 
Kunth, 455; Sclav, et Tor. 333; Deioey, Sill. ix. 73; 
Carey, l. c. 526; Sartwell, Exs. n. 112; Darlington, 
351. (Tab. LXI.) 
Hab. In America Boreali. Canada to Pennsylvania 
and Ohio. 
Undique (prseter squamas) molliter pubescens. Culmus 
1-2-ped., debilis, demum ssepe procumbens, basi foliatus, ru- 
dimentis foliorum foliisque longe vaginatis tectus; pars spicas 
gerens 11-3 rarius 12 pollices longa. Folia 11-4 lin. lata, 
culmo breviora, mollia, plana. Bractea infima, vel foliacea, 
1-2 lin. lata, culmo paulo longior; vel angusta, vel setacea, 
spica sua longior vel brevior: infima, rarius fere subradicalis, 
elongata, spicam longissime pedunculatam subsequans. Pe- 
dunculus 1-3 lin. vel rarius 6-8 poll, longus, gracillimus, de¬ 
bilis. Spica mascula 6-9 lin. longa, 1-11 lin. lata, sessilis, 
vel breve pedunculata. Spicce fceminece 4-6 lin., vel infima 
(ssepe angustior) 10-12 lin., longse, 2-3 lin. latse, omnes con- 
tiguse, sessiles, vel alternse approximatse: infima vel pollicem 
rarius 7-10 pollices remota, basi attenuata. Squamce apice 
ciliatse : masculce obtusse, cuspidatse, vel muticse; fceminece 
ssepe truncatse, interdum emarginatse, cuspidatse. Perigynium 
ItV" 2 lin. longum, - r 7 - 0 —do hn. latum, membranaceum, ache¬ 
nium arete vestiens. Achenium 1 T V—do hn- longum, T 7 0 —ilr 
lin. latum, obovatum vel oblongo-obovatum, obtusum, acute 
triquetrum, basi styli crassiori decidua. 
Tuckerman includes this species at the end of the Montanos of 
Dries, and Drejer, speaking of his Spheridiophorce (the same group) 
says, “ Terminos suos egreditur in G.pubescente, Muhl.” It has 
no immediate affinity with any of this group in the States. C. tri- 
quetra of California is allied to it, and the G. alpestris of Europe. 
The presence of the lower subradical female spike is interesting 
as analogous to those of 0. alpestris, and in two specimens of G. 
pubescens the presence of male florets on the apex of the upper 
female spike affords another analogy with it. 
61. C. csespitosa (L.); “spicis 3-4 confertis, terminali 
mascula fusiformi solitaria, fcemineis subcylindricis ses¬ 
silibus ; bracteis auriculato-aristatis truncatisve; stigma¬ 
tibus 2; perigyniis ovatis enervibus utrinque gibbis, ore 
integro, brevissime rostratis sessilibus sparsis deciduis, 
squamas lanceolatas eequantibus; culmo acutangulo nudo 
foliisque bicarinatis margine cleflexis flaccidis” {Fries ).— 
C. csespitosa, L. FI. Suec. p. 333, ed. 2. (1755); Fries, 
Nov. FI. Suec. Mant. iii. 156 (1842), Sum. Veg. Scand. 
p. 227 (1846); Anderson, Cy r p. Scand. p. 42. t. 6.f. 59; 
Beiehenbach, Icon. FI. Ger. t. 229; Lang, Car. Ger. et 
Scand. p. 70. {non Good., Smith, Hooker, Gay, etc.). C. 
pacifica, Drejer, Hafn. p. 292, Bev. Crit. Car. Bor. p. 39. 
C. Drejeri, Lang, FI. Batisb. p. 548, Koch, Syn. FI. Ger. 
(Tab. LXII.) 
Hab. In Europa, a Lapponia ad Germaniam, etc.: 
“ per omnem Scandinavian! a Lapponia infima, ubi tamen 
rarissima, ad Scaniam, frequens. In Suecia media pra- 
torum uliginosorum gramen omnium longe copiosissi- 
mum. Floret ineunte Majo, mensem ante C. vulgarem 
immixtam: prima spica florente C. vulgaris htcc ubique 
fructifera.” {Fries.) 
“ C. exspitosa, spicis erectis cylindricis terms subsessilibus, 
mascula terminali, culmo triquetro. Distinguitur facile a reli¬ 
quis foliis angustis, longis, lsete viridibus, in majores fasciculos 
natis quam in ulla alia specie; spicis fcemineis duabus, erectis, 
nigricantibus; capsulis flavescentibus, sessilibus, erectis, ob- 
tusis, ovatis, imbricatis; culmo nudo, exacte triquetro, sub 
infima spica foliolum spica longius, sub altera brevius ipsa 
