ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
27 
bracteata; stigmatibus 2; perigyniis ovatis acuminato- 
rostratis oblique sectis bifidis enerviis vel antice medio 
vel basi leviter 3-5-nervatis, nervis ssepius sursum eva- 
nidis, superne marginibus acutis serratis, plano-convexis 
basi spongiosis erecto-patulis flavidis castaneo-tinctis, 
squama ovata acuta hispido-cuspidata longioribus vel 
(cuspidem) subsequantibus.—C. alopecoidea, TuchA En. 
Method, p. 18; Carey, l.c. 512; Sartwell, Ecus. n. 19. 
C. ceplialophora, var. maxima, Deioey, l. c. xliii. 92. 
(Tab. LXYIII.) 
Yar. spica angustiori, spiculis inferioribus discretis.— 
Sartwell, Exs. n. 74. 
Hab. In America septentrionali. New York, Sartwell. 
Canada, Maclagan. Yar., Michigan, Cooley. 
Culmus sub-2-ped., latus, angulis acutissimis scabris; basi 
foliatus, reliquiis foliorum fibratis nigrescentibus tectus. Folia 
l|-3 lin. lata, culmo s*pe longiora, pallide viridia. Bract ecu 
setace* vel infima subfoliacea, spica s*pe longior. Spica 9 
lin. ad 2 poll, longa, 4-7 lin. lata. Spiculce 3-4 lin. long*, 
2-4 lin. latte, omnes congest*, sessiles vel inferiores discrete: 
infima quandoque snbremota, composita. Squamae mascul* 
angustiores, lanceolate, acuminate, cuspidate, superne margi¬ 
nibus scabr*. Perigynium lAtewo bn. longum, -iV~to bn. 
latum, superne subalatum, quandoque enerve. Achenium yp 
lin. longum, - 6 tr bn. latum, suborbiculatum, basi productum, 
lenticulare, castaneum, basi styli sequali abrupte apiculatum. 
A C. muricata, L., differt, spica congcsta; spiculis pluribus, 
bracteatis, inferioribus plurifloris; perigyniis brevius rostratis, 
erecto-patulis; stylo basi sequali; squamis longius cuspidatis; 
culmo latiori, angulis acutissimis. 
Carey refers an associated species found in Ohio, Kentucky, and 
Illinois, to the C. vulpina, Lin. It differs from tbe European 
plant in a simpler spike and a broader and more acutely angled 
culm, like that of G. stipata, of which I think it might be consi¬ 
dered a variety with a brevi-rostrate perigynium. It differs from 
O. alopecoidea in its broader culm and nerved perigynia. 
68. C. macrocepliala (Willdenow); spica magna ovali 
ferruginea demum fusca, e spiculis pluribus masculis api- 
ceque masculis in capitulum amplum densum arete con- 
gestis composita; stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis maxi mi s late 
ovatis sensim in rostrum longum attenuatis bicuspidatis 
antice altius sectis plano-convexis basi crasse spongiosis 
utrinque nervosis lucidis demum fuscis, marginibus in¬ 
terne alatis irregulariter cartilagineo-dentato-laciniatis 
saepe reflexis, squama ovato-lanceolata acuminata cuspi- 
data nervosa ferruginea latioribus longioribusque.—C. 
macrocepliala, Willd. Herb.; Spr. Syst. iii. 808; Kunth, 
Cyp. 428; Hooker, El. Bor. Am. ii. 215. 1. 216; Gray, 
Japan Exp., 328. C. Menziesiana, Smith, Herb. (Tab. 
LXIX.) ' 
Hab. In Asia et America Boreali. Kamtscliatka, 
Bongard, H. Boott (spec, e I'ischcro missum). North¬ 
west coast. North America, Menzies, Douglas. In Japan, 
Dr. Morroio ('Herb. Gray). 
Culmus 9-12-poll., validus, rigidus, triqueter, scaber, basi 
foliosus, reliquiisque foliorum fibratis fuscis tectus. Folia 
2-3 lin. lata, culmo longiora, rigida, carinata, serrato-scabra. 
BracteaB filiformes, inferiores spicis suis longiores. Spica 11-2 
poll, longa, 12—14 lin. lata. Spiculce omnino et apice mas- 
cuke, arete congest*. Squamae conformes, mascul* angus¬ 
tiores. Perigynium 7—7^ lin. longum, 3 lin. latum, nervosum, 
nervis fuscis vix prominentibus. Achenium 2 lin. longum, 
lyn. lin. latum, oblongum, obtusum, imequaliter obtuse trique¬ 
trum, basi productum, fuscum, basi styli incrassata apicula¬ 
tum : uno angulo indentato. 
This fine species has been described as having the spiculse male 
at base ; but in the specimen found by Mr. Douglas they are oc¬ 
casionally entirely male, or male at top. In that specimen the 
perigynia are comparatively few to those on the specimen from 
Kamtschatka, sent to me by M. Fischer of St. Petersburg. 
Dewey alludes to a specimen found by Mr. Nuttall on the Rocky 
Mountains (Sill. Journ. xliii. 91), but he describes it as dioicous, 
with two stigmas, and I have not therefore ventured to quote him, 
especially as he says the perigynia are “margine serrulatis.” I 
have no idea to what species his 0. macrocepliala is referable. His 
C. Nuttallii (Sill, xliii. 92) is O. Bouglas&ii, B. Dr. Gray includes 
this species among the plants found by Dr. Morrow in Japan. 
69. C. Beweyana (Schweinitz); spica oblonga pallida 
albo-viridi demum lutescenti, e spiculis 3-6 parvis ovali- 
bus laxis sessilibus plerumque anclrogynis basi masculis, 
superioribus coutiguis, infima vel binis inferioribus remo- 
tis bracteatis; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis lanceolatis acu- 
minato-rostratis bifidis plano-convexis margine acutis ser¬ 
ratis obsolete vel leviter nervatis tenuissimis basi spongi¬ 
osis, squama ovata vel lanceolata acuta plus minus mu- 
cronata albo-liyalina nervo pallide viridi longioribus.— 
C. Deweyana, Schw. An. tab. An. Lye. N. Y. i. 62; 
Schw. et Tor. Mon. 310 ; Tor. N. Am. Cyp. 392 ; Dewey, 
Sill. Journ. ix. 62; Kunth, Cyp. 419; Carey, Gray Bot. 
514 ; Sartwell, Car. Exsic. n. 34. C. rernota, Rich. Ap. 
Ercink. -Journ. {ed. 2.) 35. (Tab. LXX.) 
ITab. In America Boreali. Carlton House, Richard¬ 
son . Rocky Mountains, Drummond. Oregon, Nuttall, 
Wilkes. Napa valley, California, Thurber, n. 11. 
Culmus 1-4-pcd., gracilis, debilis, s*pe decumbens, angulis 
acutis, scabris, basi foliosus; pars spicas gerens |-2^ poll, 
longa. Folia 1-1 \ lin. lata, culmo breviora, plana, mollia. 
Bractea infima plerumque setacea, plus minus longa, rarius 
culmum sequans, vel eo longior, reliqu* breviores, demum 
squamseformes. Spiculce 3-5 lin. long*, 2-8 lin. lat*, lax*, 
3-5, rarius 6: suprema plerumque major: infima interdum 
1 \ poll, rernota: omnes basi parce mascul*, vel rarius qu*- 
dam omnino mascul*, vel basi apieeque mascul*: vel foe- 
mine*. Squamae albo-hyalin*, plus minus mucronat*. Peri¬ 
gynium 2-A-JV lin. longum, - 6 o—nr hn. latum, tenuissimum, 
basi spongiose incrassatum, obsolete nervatum, vel basi leviter 
nervatum, nervis plus minus superne evanidis. Achenium 
1-1A lin- longum, T ®j lin. latum, oblongo-ovatum, basi pro¬ 
ductum, castaneum, lucidum, punctulatum, compresso-bicon- 
vexum, basi styli clavato-decidua. 
The specimens, not fully mature, from Oregon and California 
have six longer, more approximate spicules, shorter bracts, and a 
less acutely angled culm. 
Drejer (Symb. p. 26), describing several species which he refers 
to his Hymenochlcence, including the Sylvaiiccc of Tuckerman, after 
his observations on G. Cherokeensis, says: “Alia est species Ame¬ 
ricana, qu* licet diversa videatur, neque affinitatem quisquam ad- 
huc opinatus est, kuic ( 0. Gherolceensi) intimo affinitatis vinculo 
connectitur. Dico C. Beweyanam, Schw., vulgo Vigneis adnume- 
ratam.” 
The oval androgynous sessile spiculte, evaginate bracts, plano¬ 
convex perigynium, lenticular achenium, and two stigmata, cer¬ 
tainly widely separate G. Beweyana from the Sylvaticce, and there 
remains only the thin membranous texture of the perigynium, the 
loose spiculge, the white hyaline often mucronate scales, and the 
soft grassy leaves, to give plausibility to the idea of any affinity. 
Tuckerman places it in the subsection “Beweyance ” of his Lept- 
antherce, “ Vigneas inter et Car ices,” associating G. hromoides and 
