ILLUSTRATIONS OP THE GENUS CAREX. 
29 
culata) .basi laxiflora; bracteis angustis culmo longiori¬ 
bus ; stigmatibus 8 ; perigyniis ovalibus triquetris utrin¬ 
que subacutis, vel obovatis erostratis, ore integro, nervo- 
sis strigoso-hirtis viridibus, squama ovata acuta vel ob- 
tusa acuminata vel cuspidata alba nervo viridi latioribus 
longioribus vel subsequantibus; foliis vaginisque hirsutis. 
— C. virescens, Muhl. 283; Willd. iv. 251; Schk.f. 
147, m. m. m.; Kunth, 429 ; Dewey, Sill. ix. 259 ; Sch. 
et Tor. 321; Tor. Mon. 408 ; Carey, l. c. 523; Sart- 
ivell, Exs. n. 88 ; Darlington, 349. C. costata, ScJno. 
An. tab. (Tab. LXXIII.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali et meridionali. New 
England to Virginia. Venezuela, Fendler n. 1604 
{Herb. Gray). 
Csespitosa. Culmus |-3-ped., triqueter, gracilis, ssepe filifor- 
mis, rigidus, basi rudimentis foliorum vaginisque reticulato- 
fissis pubescentibus purpureis tectus; sursum foliis longe va- 
giuantibus vestitus; pars spicas gerens 2-5 poll, longa. Folia 
1-2| lin. lata: superiora culmo ssepe longiora, vaginseque hir- 
suta. Bructece angustse, ssepe setacese, culmo longiores, eva- 
ginatse, vel infima vaginata, plus minus remota, ssepe sterilis. 
Vagina \-.l poll, longa. Spica: variant: vel 2-4 lineares, cy- 
lindricse, 1-lf poll, longse, 1-11 lin. latse, alternse; inferiores 
pedunculatse,basi laxiflorse; infima interdum 11-3 poll, remota: 
vel oblongse, ssepe abbreviatse, 2-5, densiflorse, 3-8 lin. longse, 
1-2 lin. latse, alternse, vel superiores sessiles, congestse; infima 
subremota; terminalis pedunculata, basi subdimidiatim vel 
plus vel minus mascula. Squamae albse, nervo viridi: mas- 
culse lanceolatse, acutse : feeminese ovatse, acutse vel obtusse, 
acuminatse vel cuspidatse. Perigynium l- 1 -,-.— 1 % lin. longurn, 
-A—a lin. latum, triquetro-ovale, utrinque subacutum, vel obo- 
vatum: vel latius, piano-triquetrum, utrinque obtusum, ore inte¬ 
gro vel emarginato, undique strigoso-hirtum, viride, nervatum. 
Achenium T ! V lin. longurn, 1 lin. latum, ovale, triquetrum, 
fuscum, punctulatum, breve stipitatum, basi styli decidua. 
Tuckerman places this species in the group Virescentes, Kunth, 
between the Montanos and Laxijlorcs, associating G. hirsuta and 
C. SJiortii with it. 
73. C. trisperma (Dewey); spica pallida, e spiculis 2-3 
remotis parvis paucifloris ovalibus androgynis basi raas- 
culis, inferioribus bracteatis; stigmatibus 2; perigyniis 
elongato-ovatis rostellatis, ore membranaceo integro ob¬ 
lique fisso, plano-convexis glabris utrinque crebre striato- 
nervosis, squama ovata acuta albo-byalina nervo viridi 
longioribus.—C. trisperma, Dewey, Sill. Journ. ix. 63; 
Sc/no. et Tor. Mon. 311 ; Carey, Gray,Bot. 514; Kunth, 
Cyp. 406; Sartwell, Car. Exs. n. 30. (Tab. LXXIV.) 
Hab. In America Boreali. Cumberland House, 
Drummond. New England to Pennsylvania and Michi¬ 
gan : swamps and woods on mountains, Carey. 
Culmus gracillimus, debilis, acute triqueter, scaber, 1^-2- 
ped., basi foliatus; pars spicas gerens 8 lin. ad poll, longa. 
Folia ssepe setacea, vel lin. lata, culmo breviora. Bractea 
infima culmo brevior vel longior, altera spica media longior. 
Spiculae 2-3, ovales, 2-3 lin. longse, 1-/2 lin. latse, flosculis 
feemineis 2-5 apice instructse, basi 1-2 masculis, a se 5 lin. ad 
H poll, remotse : infima vel binse inferiores plus minus longe 
bracteatse: suprema rarius omnino mascula. Squamae ovatse, 
acutse, hyalino-albse; nervo viridi. Perigynium 1 TT lin. 
longurn, a lin. latum, utrinque crebre leviter nervosum, ore 
integro, oblique fisso; demum fuscum. Achenium lineam 
longurn, a lin. latum, oblongo-ovatum, obtusum, plano-con- 
vexum, castaneum, lucidum, basi styli sequali decidua. 
Allied more closely to 0. canescens, L., than to C. JDeiveyana, 
with which Tuckerman places it. In inflorescence they are alike, 
but the form and texture of the perigynium and the entire oblique 
orifice prove, as Carey thought, its affinity to G. canescens and its 
allies. Torrey describes the culm as “remarkably smooth,” which 
all my specimens disprove; nor can I detect any roughness on the 
perigynium. Dewey refers G. quaternaria, Spr., to this species, 
but the description does not apply to it: “ fructibus compressis, 
bifidis, squama obtusa multo longioribus.” 
74. C. seabrella (Wahlenberg); spica elongata laxa 
pallida demum ferruginea, e spiculis singulis vel spicis 
partialibus 5-6 ovatis vel oblongis, superioribus sessili- 
bus, inferioribus remotis longe exserte pedunculatis com- 
posita; spiculis parvis androgynis apice masculis 1-4 
ovatis ad apicem pedunculorum congestis sessilibus; 
bracteis angustis spicis suis longioribus; stigmatibus 3; 
perigyniis ovalibus triquetris rostratis acute bifidis scabris 
nervosis viridibus demum ferrugineo-punctatis patentibus, 
squama ovata acuta hispido-cuspidata fulva lineolis fer- 
rugineis notata longioribus.—C. seabrella, Wahl. Act. 
Holm. 149 ; Willd. iv. 247 ; Kunth, 513 ; Schk. 41. C. 
laxa, Swartz, El. Ind. Occ. App. (Tab. LXXY.) 
Hab. In montibus Jamaica, Swartz, Purdie, M‘Nab. 
Cidmus /I Upcd., gracilis, rigidus, triqueter, apice scaber, 
basi vaginis foliorum fusco-ferrugineis tectus; pars spicas ge¬ 
rens ssepe e basi porrecta. Folia ] 2 —1 lin. lata, culmo lon- 
■ giora, rigida, apice attenuata, marginibus revolutis. Bracteae 
inferiores vaginatse, foliacese: superiores setacese. Pedunculi 
1-8 pollices longi, setacei, scabri. Spica: partiales 5-6, ovatse 
vel oblongse, 2-4-stachyse, 4-10 lin. longse, 3 lin. latse: infima 
ssepe radicalis. Spicula: (interdum omnes singulse) 3-4 lin. 
longse, basi 2 lin. latse, apice plus minus masculse, sessiles, 
pallidse, demum ferruginese. Squamae masculse, lanceolatse, 
acutse vel mucronatse, imbricatse : foeminese patentes. Perigy¬ 
nium I-a lin. longurn, -A lin. latum. Achenium 1 y lin. longurn, 
^ lin. latum, stipitatum, triquetro-ovale, fuscum, angulis palli- 
dioribus, basi styli apiculatum. 
The female scales are drawn as if ciliate at the margins, which 
is not correct. There is a slight roughness on the lower ones, but 
otherwise they are smooth, and simply marked with ferruginous 
lines. 
In the younger specimens all the spicuke are single, but in the 
older and larger ones three or four are closely approximated at the 
extremity of the peduncles. This species and the G. polystachya 
of Swartz are the only ones I have seen from the West Indies; 
nor am I aware that any others, except G. claclostachya, Wahl., 
have been found in them. 
75. C. aurea (Nuttall); spicis 4 rarius 3-5 vel 6 pe¬ 
dunculatis gracilibus, terminali mascula breve cylindrica 
pallide ferruginea rarius basi mascula, reliquis feemineis 
plerumque laxifloris olivaceis vel aurantiacis, superioribus 
vel omnibus approximatis, inferioribus longe bracteatis 
exserte pedunculatis interdum basi compositis, infima 
ssepe radicali subnutante; stigmatibus 2, rarissime 3; 
perigyniis globosis turgidis obtusissimis vel rarius minime 
rostellatis, ore integro, valide nervosis glabris granulatis 
glaucis demum olivaceis vel aurantiacis coriaceis basi 
spongiosis nunc apice paululum subexcurvis, squama late 
ovata obtusissima mutica vel abrupte cuspidata rarius 
acuta ferruginea medio pallida margine albo-hyalina de¬ 
mum pallidiore subsequilata longioribus.'—C. aurea, Nutt. 
Gen. ii. 205 (1818); Kunth, 408; ScJno. et Tor. Mon. 
328. t. 25./. 2; Hoofc. FI. Bor. Ain. i. 226; Carey, Gray, 
i 
