34 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
Hab. In America septentrionali. New England to 
Ohio and Michigan. 
Culmus 12-18-poll., gracilis, strictus, l;cvis, inter spicas sca- 
briusculus, basi foliatus; pars spicas gerens 4-9 etiam 18 poll, 
longa. Folia 1 rarius 2 lin. lata, graminea, pallide viridia, 
eulmo breviora, marginibus revolutis. Bractece foliacese, va- 
ginatse, culmum sequantes vel eo breviores vel ssepe longiores: 
suprema ssepe evaginata. Pedunculus iuiiimis 4-6 vel radicalis 
nunc 12 poll, longus, setaceus, scaber. Vaginae 4-18 lin. vel 
infima interdum 3 poll, longa. Spica mascula semper unica, 
7-21 lin. longa, 1-|- lin. lata, cylindrica, ferruginea, demum 
pallida, a feeminea suprema 1-3 poll, remota. Spicce fceminece 
2 vel 1 rarius 3, a se 4-6 etiam 15 poll, remote, 5-12 lin. 
longse, 2 lin. late, graciles, sublaxse, basi attenuatse : suprema, 
si 3 adsint, sessilis, evaginata; si 2 solum, breve inserte, 
infima ssepe longissime exserte peduneulata: demum flavidse. 
Squamae ferruginese, nervo pallido-granulatse: masculse ssepius 
obtusissimse, muticse, vel inferiores cuspidate: infima ssepe 
aristata: foeminese pallidiores, obtusissimse, vel acute, muticse, 
vel abrupte vel sensim (interdum omnes, inferiores longius) 
cuspidate. Perigynium 1 T 3 (J —1-,%- lin. longum, lin. latum, 
brevius obtusum, hinc obovatum, abrupte rostellatum; vel 
longius, utrinque attenuatum, rectum, vel apice subcxcurvum, 
obtuse triquetrum, crebre nervosum, nervis prominentibus, 
granulatum, flavidum, nunquam inflatum. Achenium l-l T *y 
lin. longum, T ®o—ro hn. latum, triquetrum, obovatum, basi 
productum, castaneum, angulis pallidioribus, basi styli sequali 
abrupto apiculatum. Stigmata 3, brevia. Stylus interdum 
incrassatus, granulatus, ex ore perigynii exsertus. 
In perigyniis quibusdam achenium invenitur formam quasi 
squama: rigidse simulans, marginibus approximatis, processum 
linearem, stylo cybndrico incrassato apiculatum, involventibus. 
Hinc stigmata quatuor videantur, tria normalia et unum e 
proccssu lineari! 
I find in 160 specimens— 
37 had 2 spikes. In all 1 male. 
107 „ 3 
16 „ 4 
I have specimens from Dewey from Stockbridge, Massachusetts, 
with perigynia distorted by the ustilago, like those represented by 
Schk. g. g. g. His figure 207 is not from a well-characterized spe¬ 
cimen. 
84. C. granularis (Muhl.); spicis 4-5 rarissime 3-6 
cylindricis, terminali mascula sessili ssepe abbreviata ob- 
liqua, reliquis feemineis longe foliaceo-bracteatis clensi- 
floris erectis, superioribus 1-2 masculse arete contiguis 
inserte vel omnibus remotis, inferioribus exserte peclun- 
culatis pallide viridibus demum ferrugineis; stigmatibus 
3, brevibus; perigyniis ovalibus vel globoso-ovatis antice 
gibbis turgidis rostellatis apice subexcurvis, ore emargi- 
nato palliclo, crebre nervosis nervis prominentibus pallide 
viridibus demum ferrugineis resinoso-punctatis squama 
ovata acuminato-cuspidata albida nervo viridi latioribus 
longioribusque.—C. granularis, Muhlenberg, Desc. Tib. 
247; Schk.f. 169. v. v. v.; Willd. iv. 279; Kunth, 457 ; 
Dewey, Sill. vii. 272; Schw. et Tor. 349; Darlington, 
348; Carey, Gray, Dot. 521; Sartwell, Dxs. n. 70. 
(Tab. LXXXV.) ‘ 
Hab. In America Boreali. Canada to Elorida. 
Culmus 1-2-ped., Isevis, basi foliatus, vaginisque foliorum 
marcidis tectus; pars spicas gerens 4-12 poll, longa. Folia 
1-4 lin. lata, eulmo breviora, plana, glaucescentia. Bractece 
foliacese, vaginate: infima 2-3 lin. lata: ssepe omnes eulmo 
longiores. Vagina infima interdum 2 poll, longa, summa fere 
obsoleta. Pedunculus infimus 2-4 poll, longus. Spica mascula 
5 lin. ad 1^ poll, longa, |-1£ lin. lata, semper sessilis vel sub- 
sessilis, hinc spicam supremam foemineam nunquam multum 
superans, ssepe inconspicua, obliqua, cylindrica. Spicce fcemi¬ 
nece 6 lin. ad 1| poll, longse, 2-3 lin. latse: superiores 1-3, 
contiguse, inserte pedunculate, vel omnes 1-7 poll, remote, 
plus minus exserte pedunculate, omnes densiflorse. Squamae 
palii dte, demum ferruginese : masculse lanceolate, acute, vel 
acuminate, cuspidate, rarius obtusse, ssepe sublaxse: feeminese 
ovate, acuminato-cuspidate, albidse, nervo viridi, demum fer- 
ruginese. Perigynium ovale vel globosum, antice gibbum, 
l-ro—ro hn. longum, ) 0 -)) lin. latum, plus minus turgide in¬ 
flatum, (sub lente) scabriusculum. Achenium T s 0 -1 lin. longum, 
T y— r " 0 - lin. latum, obovato-triquetrum, demum fuscum, punc- 
tulatum, basi styli sequali ssepe curvata apiculatum. 
Affinis C. flaccospermce. Differt spica mascula semper 
sessili vel subsessili; perigyniis ssepe globosis, gibbis, semper 
rostellatis, apice excurvis; nervis paucioribus, prominentibus, 
squama acuminata; bracteis longioribus. 
In 125 specimens I find— 
2 had 3 spikes. In all 1 male. 
65 „ 4 
54 „ 5 
4 „ 6 
In four the lower or two lower female spikes were compound at 
base, and in one of these the lowest had a small branch on both 
sides. 
This species is common in the middle States, extending from 
Canada to North Carolina and Florida. It has not been found in 
the more remote North, and Elliott had not met with it in South 
Carolina. I have never seen the terminal spike androgynous, as 
described by Torrey. 
85. C. grisea (Wahlenberg); spicis 5 rarius 4-6 ob- 
longis, terminali mascula abbreviata sessili obliqua rarius 
peduneulata cylindrica pallide ferruginea, reliquis foemi- 
neis foliaceo-bracteatis sub-9- vel 4-13-floris remotis vel 
superioribus 2 contiguis sessilibus vel inserte vaginatis, 
inferioribus plus minus longe exserte pedunculatis pallide 
viridibus vel olivaceis demum ferrugineis; stigmatibus 
3, brevibus; stylo incrassato; perigyniis oblongis utrin- 
que obtusis subturgidis obtuse trigonis, ore integro, cre¬ 
bre striato-nervosis basi demum omnino ferrugineis pel- 
lucide postea ferrugineo-punctatis, squama late ovata 
obtusa vel acuminata plus minus longe hispido- valide- 
que cuspidata albida medio viridi trinervi longioribus 
vel ( cuspide ) brevioribus.—C. grisea, Wald. Act. Holm. 
xxiv. 154 (1803); Carey, Gray, Dot. 522; Sartwell, 
Exs. n. 83; Darlington, 348. C. laxiflora, Schk.f. 141. 
k.k.k. et aliorum; non Lamarck, Enc. iii. 392 (1789), 
quee C. anceps, Willd. ? (Tab. LXXXVI.) 
/3. angustifolia.—C. laxiflora, Elliott, Sk. Dot. Car. ii. 
549. (Tab. LXXXVII.) 
Hab. In America Boreali. Connecticut, Darratt. 
Massachusetts, Tuckerman. New York, Carey, Sarhoell. 
Kentucky, Short. Ohio, lesquereux. Indiana, Clap. 
Illinois, Mead. Var. /3, Texas, Drummond. Louisiana, 
Hale. Elorida, Chapman. Carolina, Schweinitz Cfide 
Elliott). 
Culmus 1-2-ped., triqueter, lsevis vel apice scabriusculus, basi 
foliis marcidis vaginantibusque vestitus; pars spicas gerens 
3-12 poll, longa. Folia 2-3 lin. lata, eulmo breviora, plana, 
graminea, pallide viridia. Bractece foliacese, erectse, omnes 
vel superiores tantum eulmo ssepe multum longiores: infima 
ssepe 3 lin. lata: summa nunc evaginata. Vagina infima 1-3 
poll, longa. Ligula alba, membranacea, obtusa. Pedunculus 
