ILLUSTRATIONS OP THE GENUS CAREX. 
47 
N. Zeal. i. 282. C. collata, Boott, Lond. Jour. Bot. iii. 
447. (Tab. CXXI. et CXXII.) 
Hab. In Nova Zelandia. Prope Matuaro, Totaranui. 
Banks et Solander (1769), in sylvis. Tippoone, Wilkes. 
Bay of Islands, Sinclair, Dr. Hooker, etc. 
Culmus 2-ped., triqueter, lsevis vel apice scabriusculus, basi 
foliosus, rudimentisque foliorum brunneis, foliisque vestientibus 
tectus. Folia 2-21 lin. lata, culmo longiora, ssepius prsecipue 
inferne involuta. Bractece setacese, breves, vel infima 8 poll, 
longa, ssepe obsoleta. Spica 9-21 poll, longa, 2-5 lin. lata, 
apice sfepe spiculis solitariis discretis vel contiguis: inferne 
ramis ubique spiculiferis deorsum magis remotis, insequalibus: 
inferioribus 2-5 poll, longis, erectis, appressis: infimis inter- 
dum abbreviatis. Spiculce pame, ovate. Squamae conformes. 
Perigynium lineam longum, \ lin. latum, basi spongiosum. 
Aclienium yq lin. longum, vix 1 lin. latum, ovatum, basi pro- 
ductum, basi styli crassiori decidua. 
A C. appressa differt, culmo lsevi; foliis ssepe involutis; 
spica angustiori, longiori; perigyniis minoribus, marginibus 
erosis, erectis ; squamis rigidis. 
114. C. secta (Boott); spica ferruginea elongata laxa 
aperta nutanti basi ramosa, ramis inferioribus gracilibus 
longis, superne tantuin spiculiferis, e spiculis androgynis 
apice masculis parvis numerosis decomposita nuda vel 
bracteata; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis oblongo- vel subro- 
tundo-ovatis rostratis, antice oblique sectis bidentatis, 
superne marginibus acutis pallidis serratis subplano-con- 
vexis fusco-castaneis lucidis enerviis vel basi obsolete ner- 
vatis spongiosis, squama ovata acuta vel mucronata sequi- 
lata demum decolori longioribus vel subsequantibus.—- 
C. secta, Boott; Hooker, FI. N. Zeal. i. 281. (Tab. 
CXXIII. et CXXIY.) 
Hab. In Nova Zelandia. Tippoone, Wilkes et Sinclair, 
etc. Northern and Middle Islands, Dr. Hooker, etc. 
Culmus 2-3-ped., triqueter, gracilis, ltevis, apice scaber. 
Folia 1-14 lin. lata, culmum subaequantia, firma, carinata, sca- 
berrima. Spica I-lf-pedalis, nutans, basi laxe ramosa: rami 
superiores 1-1 poll, longi: inferiores quandoque pedales, gra- 
cillimi, superne tantum spiculiferi. Squamae ferrugineae, de¬ 
mum decolores. Perigynium 1-1-3% lin. longum, Ar lin. 
latum, basi crasse spongiosum. Achenium lin. longum, 
T :, T) —to bn. latum, obovatum, biconvexum, pallidum. 
This species, which Mr. Sinclair says “ grows in marshes and 
generally forms a matted column about three feet high, and a foot in 
diameter,” belongs to the Paniculatce-groug, and is easily distin¬ 
guished from C. virgata, by its lax nodding spike, and shining 
nerveless perigynium. 
115. C. tenella (Schkuhr); spica oblonga tenui pallida, 
e spiculis 2-6 androgynis apice masculis parvis pauciflo- 
ris, inferioribus subremotis brevi-setaceo-bracteatis ; stig¬ 
matibus 2; perigyniis plano-convexissimis ovalibus basi 
contractis obtusis abrupte rostellatis utrinque nervatis 
nervis quibusdam superne evanidis, vel oblongis sensim 
rostellatis crebrius nervatis glabris nitidis ferrugineis ■de¬ 
mum fuscis, ore integro, spongiosis, squama ovata acuta 
rarius obtusa quandoque mucronulata pallide ferruginea 
marginibus albo-hyalina demum decolori longioribus.-—- 
C. tenella, Schk. 28. /. 104 P. P .; Fries, Sum. Vegel. 
Scand. 224 ; Anderson, Cyp. Scand. 60. t. 4. /. 33 ; 
Carey, Gray, Bot. ( ed. 2) 514 : (non Fhrh. Cal. Beitrage, 
vi. 10. n. 98, qua. C. canescens, L. ; non Poiret, Fncy. 
Supp. iii. 282, quce Un. tenella, Br.; non Thuillier, FI. Par. 
479, quae C. Schreberi, W.) C. loliacea, Schk. Suppl. 
18 {non Lin.). C. disperma, Dewey, Sill. viii. 266, 
(1824) etc.; Kimth, Cypr. 405: {non Frunze, Beidgr. 
131. t. 33, quce C. rosea, Schk., var.; non Steudel, Un. 
Itin. quce C. Steudelii, Kunth.) C. gracilis, Gray, Sill. 
iv. 19 (1847); Carey, l.c. 543 {ed. 1) ; Sartwell, Fxs. 
n. 29 : (non Fhrh. Cal. n. 78, quce C. loliacea, L.; non 
Schk. f. 24 F, quce C. vitilis, Fr. ?; non Brown, Prodr., 
quce propria species.) C. Blyttii, Lang. Car. Ger. el 
Scand. 38. (Tab. CXXY. et CXXVI.) 
Hab. In Europa et America septentrionali. “In 
paludibus Norvegise, Suecirn borealis, et Tiniandia:, 
Fries. In America Arctica, Bichardson. In Montibus 
Saxosis, Drummond. “ New England to Pennsylvania, 
Carey. 
Radix stolonifera. Culmus 5-15-poll., gracilis, ssepe seta- 
ceus, triqueter, superne scaber. Folia plana, 5 -—% h n - lata, 
supra granulata, culmo breviora vel subsequantia. Bracteae 
ovato-lanceolate, plus minus setaceo-aristate : infima quando¬ 
que 6-12 lin. longa. Spica 8—14 lin. longa, sublineam lata. 
Spiculce 2-5, rarius 6 , parvse, 2 - 6 -fiorae; e flosculis masculis 
1-3 brevissime pedicellatis rarius perigynia superantibus, fce- 
mineisque 1-3 rarius 4 composite : superiores, rarius omnes, 
contiguse : inferiores subremote. In speciminibus quibusdam 
spicula infra terminalem, et summa [rarius] omnino mascula: 
infima rarissime composita, etiam breve pedunculata. Squama 
masculce angustiores, lanceolate, acute, albse: foeminese ovate, 
acute vel obtusse, muticse vel mucronulate, pallide ferruginese, 
marginibus albo-hyalinse, demum omnino decolores. Peri¬ 
gynium l-l-A bn. longum, lin. latum, obtusum, abrupte 
rostellatum; nervis paucioribus, magis distantibus, quibus¬ 
dam superne evanidis, basi contractum (Tab. CXXYI.) : vel 
lin. longum, lin. latum, sensim rostellatum, nervis 
pluribus crebris magis crasse spongiosum; ore integro; plano- 
convexissimum, postice nervis 2 marginalibus magis promi- 
nentibus, nitidum, ferrugineum, demum fusco-atrum (Tab. 
CXXY.). Aclienium bn. longum, 1 lin. latum, ovale, 
utrinque obtusum, lenticulare, nitidum, ferrugineum, demum 
fuscum, basi styli tequali decidua. Stigmata longa. Sta¬ 
mina 2. 
This species, overlooked in the north of Europe since the time 
of Schkuhr, and, until Tries distinguished it, confounded in herba¬ 
ria with C. loliacea, L., has been familiar to American botanists 
since 1824, when it was described by Dewey under the name of 
G. disperma. Like G. festiva, Dewey, it is an example of a common 
American species, eventually, but rarely, found to be a native of 
the north of Europe; while O.fulva, Good., originally described as 
a native of Newfoundland, but rare among American species, is 
found very widely diffused in Europe. 
Schkuln’ originally received the specimen he has figured of 0. te¬ 
nella from Hedwig, who had forgotten whence he had received it; 
but in his ‘ Supplement ’ Schkuhr remarks he had since obtained 
it from Sweden. I have seen it in several herbaria sent from 
Sweden under the name of C. loliacea, with wkich it grows in the 
north of Europe, an association not hitherto found to exist in 
America. I have never seen C. loliacea, L., from any part of 
North America. We are much more familiar with the American 
than with the European specimens of 0. tenella. Among the pro¬ 
fuse specimens brought from Arctic America by Sir John Richard¬ 
son, and sent from the States by different botanists, I observe a 
difference in the thickness of the culm, the breadth of the leaves, 
and the size and form of the perigynium; but, as is usual with 
other species of the genus, these differences insensibly disappear. 
The European plant, for which I am indebted to Tries, is identical 
with the more gracile forms of the American ones. In Tab. 
