ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
49 
longe exserte pedunculata basique cornposita; bracteis 
foliaceis, infima culmo longiori vel breviori; stigmatibus 
3; perigyniis ovatis vel ovalibus obtuse trigonis rostel- 
latis bicuspidatis nervatis hispidissimis coriaceis subtur- 
gidis pallide olivaceis vel cinereis, squama lanceolata 
acuminata hispido-cuspidata purpurea medio viridi ple- 
rumque brevioribus latioribusque.—C. lanuginosa, Mich. 
ii. 175; Tor. Gyp. 410; Carey, 529; Darlington, 352; 
Hartwell, Exs. n. 126. C. pellita, Muhl. 258 ; Willd. iv. 
302 ; Held. 84./. 149, 150 ; Kunth, 483; Schw. et Tor. 
368; Dewey, Sill. ix. 70; Deck, 444. (Tab. CXXIX.) 
Hab. In America septentrional! Arctic America to 
Pennsylvania, Kentucky, North-west Coast. 
Radix repens. Culmus 1-2-ped., gracilis, triqueter, firmus, 
fere omnino infra spicas lgevis, vel scaber: basi foliis vestien- 
tibus, ssepe rubellis, vaginisque reticulato-fissis, extus ssepe 
scabridis tectus; pars spicas gerens 4-15 poll, longa. Folia 
plana, 1-2 lin. lata, culmo ssepe longiora: inferiora, vaginseque 
ssepe inconspicue leviter reticulato-venosse. Bractea foliacese : 
omnes evaginatse, vel infima, longitudine mutabilis, plus minus 
vaginata. Auricula purpurese. Vagina 1-6, etiam rarius 18- 
24 lin. longa. Pedunculus infimus 2-6 lin. rarius 1-4 poll, 
longus, scaber. Spica mascula purpurese, demum flavidse, 
cylindricse, extremse majores : summa 16-26 lin. longa, 14 
lin. lata, pedunculata : reliquse sessiles, breviores, infima brac- 
teata. Squama mascula lanceolatse, abrupte apiculatse vel 
acuminatse, acutse vel cuspidatse, rarius obtusse, muticse, apice 
ciliatse, purpurese, demum straminese, medio viridi nervatse. 
Spica feeminea 4-2 poll, longse, 3-4 lin. latse, inter se 1-3, 
vel infima quandoque 9 poll, remota: summa subinde abbre- 
viata, ssepe apice mascula, vel omnes sessiles, evaginatse, vel 
infima breve vel longe vaginata, exserteque pedunculata, basi 
subinde laxiflora, rarius cornposita. Perigynium 2-2 T + ,y lin. 
longum,yL_l T ’_ li n . latum ; rostro Arlfl lin. longo; bicuspi- 
datum, laciniis linearibus, scabris; nervis superne ssepe incon- 
spicuis. Achenium 1 lin. longum, T 7 - 0 lin. latum, triquetro- 
obovatum vel ovale, stipitatum, basi styli sequali persistente 
apiculatum, olivaceum. Stylus birsutulus, ssepe contortus. 
A C. filiformi, L., differt, culmo validiori, breviori; foliis 
planis, brevioribus ; spicis masculis plerumque brevioribus, 
quandoque apice foemineis; foemineis longioribus. 
8 with 1 female. 
45 „ 2 
10 „ 3 
1 „ 4 
In the specimens I have examined I find— 
15 with 3 spikes. 12 with 1 male. 
30 „ 4 36 „ 2 
17 „ 5 14 „ 3 
2 „ 6 1*4 
In one all the spikes were female. One or more of the mal 
spikes were rarely female at the top, and the upper female mal 
at top. 
I have alluded to the very close affinity of this species with ( 
Wallichima of India, which I think will be found to be merel 
a more luxuriant form of O. lanuginosa. 
119. C. evoluta (Hartman); spicis 6 rarius 5-7 cylin- 
dricis erectis fusco-luridis, masculis 3 vel 2-4, infima 
bracteata, feemineis 3 vel 2-4 crassis, suprema ssepe apice 
mascula, approximatis evaginatis, infima brevi-peduncu- 
lata; bracteis foliaceis, culmo plerumque longioribus ; 
stigmatibus 3; perigyniis ovatis rostellatis emarginato- 
bicuspidatis plus minus nervatis hispidis olivaceis, squama 
ovata acuta cuspidata purpurea, medio viridi, latioribus 
brevioribus vel longioribus.—C. evoluta, Hart. Vet , Ac. 
Handl. 156 (1818); Wald. FI. Suec. ii. 611; Kunth, 
485 ; Koch, Syn. 887; Kunze, 33. t. 7; Anderson, 20, 
t. 8./. 102; Reichenbach, Gyp. 28, t. 267 ; TIoppe et St. 
t. 105. C. filiformis, (3, Goss, et Ger. FI. Env. Paris, 
606. (Tab. CXXX.) 
Hab. In Europa. “ In fossis et ad ripas limosas la- 
cuum Scania; et prope Holmiam,” Anderson. Mennecy, 
Paris, Goss, et Germ. 
Radix repens. Culmus sub-4-ped., validus, triqueter, scaber, 
basi foliis longe vestientibus vaginisque purpureo-ferrugineis 
reticulato-fissis tectus; pars spicas gerens 6-8 poll, longa. 
Folia 2-4 lin. lata, plana, culmo breviora, grosse reticulato- 
venosa. Bractea plerumque culmo longiores, auriculatse: 
infima vix unquam subvaginata. Vagina sublineam longa. 
Pedunculus 3-8 lin. longus, triqueter, scaber. Spica mascula 
contiguse, sessiles: suprema 14-24 poll, longa, 2-24 fin. kda : 
extremse majores, infima bracteata. Squama lanceolatse, ob¬ 
tusse, muticse vel superiores cuspidatse, fusco-luridse, demum 
ferruginese vel decolores. Spica foeminea 1-24 p°U. longse, 
3-4 lin. latse, approximatse vel infima 3 poll, remota, breve 
pedunculata. Perigynium 1-^—2-% lin. longum, -fy-1 lin. 
latum, late emarginatum, breve bicuspidatum, nervatum, nervis 
plus minus prominentibus, bispidum. 
Differt a C. lanuginosa, Mich., culmo altiori, crassiori, sem¬ 
per scabro; foliis latioribus, vaginisque grosse reticulato-veno- 
sis; bracteis evaginatis; spicis fuscis, magis approximatis, 
majoribus. 
I have found in the specimens I have seen of this species— 
1 with 5 spikes. 1 with 2 male. 1 with 2 female. 
7 „ 6 7 „ 3 8 „ 3 
2 „ 7 2 „ 4 1 „ 4 
Anderson says that it has been found growing in a marsh with 
C. riparia and C. paludosa. It looks like a hybrid between one of 
these species and C. filiformis. I have not been able to find any 
perfect achenia. Its broad flat leaves and coarser structure dis¬ 
tinguish it from C. filiformis, L., though the European specimens 
of this last species, and especially those which I have from the 
neighbourhood of Paris, approach C. evoluta more nearly than the 
Q. filiformis of America does. This last bears the same relation 
to C. lanuginosa as the C. filiformis of Europe does to C. evoluta. 
I have not seen any specimens of C. evoluta from North America, 
though Cosson and Germain, in their ‘ Observations sur quelques 
Plantes Critiques des Environs de Paris,’ p. 24, quote “ Green, 
Boston, in Herb. Guillemin,” for C. evoluta. I have specimens 
from that locality, gathered by Mr. Green, which are evidently C. 
lanuginosa, Mich. 
120. C. vestita (Willdenow) ; spicis 3-4 rarius 2 den- 
sifloris purpureo-ferrugineis approximatis, mascula ple¬ 
rumque solitaria elongata demum castanea, feemineis 2-3 
rarius 1 ovatis vel oblongis sessilibus crassis, infima sub¬ 
inde remota pedunculata; bractea evaginata subulata vel 
foliacea culmo breviori; stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis ova¬ 
libus triquetris rostratis, ore obliquo albo-hyalino demum 
sub-bilobo, hispidis nervatis olivaceis ferrugineo tinctis, 
squama ovata vel lanceolata acuta vel acuminato-cuspi- 
data purpurea margine albo-hyalina latioribus longioribus 
vel submquantibus.—C. vestita, Willd. iv. 263; Sold. 
51. / 182; Kunth, 518; Muhl. 238; Elliott, ii. 542; 
Dewey, ix. 261; Schw, et Tor. 331; Carey , 529; Deck, 
437 ; Sartwell, n. 127. (Tab. CXXXI.) 
Hab. In America septentrional! New England to 
Georgia, in arenosis. 
Culmus 14-3-ped., triqueter, scaber, validus, superne nudus, 
basi foliatus, vaginisque purpureis reticulato-fissis tectus; pars 
spicas gerens 14-3 rarius 4 poll, longa. Folia 1-24 bn. lata, 
plana, culmo multum breviora. Bractea infima subulata, spica 
vix longior; vel foliacea, 1-2 lin. lata, culmo brevior, rarius 
subsequans. Spica mascula 1-2 poll, longa, 1-2 lin. lata, ses- 
o 
