56 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
tibus; foliis involutis, angustiori bus. pallidioribus; culmo 
altiori; radice fibris tenuioribus. 
Var. /3 ; spica straminea concolori, e spiculis oblongis 
plurifloris 4-6 androgynis, terminali inferne longe at- 
tenuata, reliqms ima Iasi masculis ; culmis 15-24-poll., 
ex eadem radice pluribus caespitosis.—C. sterilis, Muhl., 
var. d. C. stellulata, Tuck. etc. ; Start-well, Mxs. n. 35. 
(Tab. CXLYI*.) 
I agree with Tuckerman in considering G. sterilis to have speci¬ 
fic characters distinguishing it from G. stellulata, Good., which 
plant Muhlenberg has not included among the American species 
of the genus. His var d. is generally referred to it, but it differs 
in having more spiculse, which are oblong, with more numerous 
flowers, a taller culm, and cordate perigynium. As in the case of 
G. ampullacea, Good., I have not seen specimens which I can satis¬ 
factorily refer to the European C. stellulata, south of the British 
provinces of North America. Will denow says the habit of G. ste¬ 
rilis is that of O. cu/rta, Good. ( C. eanescens , L.). I think Schlech- 
tendal explains this, for in the Linnea he says a specimen of 
C. eanescens from Muhlenberg is in Herb. Willd. united with 
G. sterilis, also from Muhlenberg. 
In Tab. CXLYI. are figured mature perigynia of G. siccata, re¬ 
ferred to under that species, p. 19. 
136. C. stellulata (Good.) var. scirpoides ; spica ob- 
longa, e spiculis 2-4 approximatis vel contiguis andro¬ 
gynis, terminali basi ssepe longe attenuato-mascula. recta 
vel obliqua, reliquis subrotundis paucifloris basi parce 
masculis nudis; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis e basi trun- 
cata vel cordata spongiosa ovatis rostratis bidentatis su- 
perne marginibus serratis plano-convexis antice nervatis 
patentibus, squama subrotunda obtusa pallide ferrugi- 
nea margine albo-membranacea subduplo longioribus. 
—C. stellulata, var. y, Tor. Mon. 392; var. scirpoides, 
Carey, 515. C. scirpoides, SWile. f. 180; Willd. 237 ; 
Kunth, 400; Muhl. 225; Schw. et Tor. 317; Dewey, 
Sill. viii. 96 ; Sartwell, Hxs. n. 36. (Tab. CXLVI**.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali. 
Culmus 9-18-poll., gracillimus, sursum scaber, ssepe ut 
folia fere setacea, debilia. Spica 6-10 lin. longa : spicula ter- 
minalis quandoque omnino sterilis. Perigynium lAo~ro On. 
longum, t 6 q— ro 1™. latum, inferne marginibus spongiosis. 
Achenhm r 6 - (J bu. longum, fere yV bn. latum. 
The thickened basal margins of the perigynium distinguish this 
plant from G. sterilis. It can scarcely be regarded as distinct 
from C. stellulata, though the European form is more rigid, with a 
shorter culm, longer and acuter scales, and a larger and often an 
oval-based perigynium. 
137. C. radicalis (Boott); spicis androgynis apice 
masculis pallidis concoloribus parvis paucifloris ovatis 
nudis 2-5 ex eadem radice, vel in pedunculos graciles 
ineequales plus minus elongatos radicales monostachyos 
vel in culmum 2 - 3 -stacliyum insidentibus, inferioribus 
remotis longe exserte pedunculatis bracteatis, infima ra- 
dicali; stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis late ovalibus triquetris 
basi alatis rostellatis emarginatis pubescentibus, margini¬ 
bus usque ad basin ciliatis nervatis lutescentibus (rache- 
ola ssepe instructis), squama ovata acuta plus minus 
longe cuspidata longioribus vel (ad basin spicse cuspide) 
ssepe multum brevioribus. (Tab. CXLYII.) 
Hab. In Himalaya orientali temperata, ad Sikkim, 
alt. 9-10,000 ped., J. D. Hooker. 
Culmus subpedalis. Pedunculi 6-12 poll, longi, filiformes, 
apice cernui, infra spicas clavati, angulis acutis scabris, basi 
reliquis foliorum filamentosis atris tecti. Folia 1—14 lin. lata, 
plana, culmo ssepe longiora. Bractea spicse medise vaginata, 
foliacea, culmo longior. Vagina 2-6 lin. longa. Spicee 3 lin. 
longse, 2-3.- lin. latse, apice flosculis masculis pluribus imbricatis 
basi foemineis 4-7 instructse: spica media 2-6 pollices remota, 
longe exserte, infima radicalis brevius pedunculata. Squama 
pallidse, concolores : masculse obtusse, muticse, ssepe ciliolatse : 
foeminese plus minus longe setaceo-cuspidatse ; inferiores ssepe 
bracteas simulantes. Perigynium l-Jj- lin. longum, Yo bn. 
latum, ssepe racbeola lineari scabra instructum. Achenium 
1 ~ bn- longum, Ar lin. latum, turgide ovatum, stipitatum, 
trigonum, angulis 3 prominentibus pallidioribus, faciebus con- 
vexis : ferrugineum, punctulatum. Stylus basi insigniter in- 
crassatus, articulatus, deciduus. Stigmata 3, contorta. 
Affinis C. speciosa, Kuntb. Diflert spicis parvis, ovatis, 
paucifloris; perigyniis minoribus, emarginatis, scabrioribus; 
foliis angustioribus; culmo pedunculisque filiformibus. 
M. Spach remarks that the prominent angles of the achenium do 
not always correspond to the real angles of it, deviating a little to 
the right or left, though all meeting at the base, of the conic in- 
crassate style. On some roots all the spikes are solitary, on others 
they are alternate on a culm; confirming Drejer’s idea that the 
Psyllophorce are “ formse hebetatse Caricum genuinarum.” 
138. C. parva (Nees); spica simplici androgyna apice 
mascula purpureo-ferruginea concolori oblongo-elliptica 
nuda; stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis lineari-lanceolatis trique¬ 
tris longe sensim acuminato-rostratis, ore integro obliquo, 
leviter nervatis ferrugineis demum reflectis raclieola line¬ 
ari intus instructis, squama lanceolata acuta mutica vel 
longe hispido-cuspidata purpureo-ferruginea marginibus 
demum albo-membranaceis decidua angustioribus brevio¬ 
ribus longioribusque.'—C. parva, Nees, Wight, Contr. 
120 (1854). C. mEtcrorhyncba, Kar. et Kir. Bull. Soc. 
Imp. Moscow, n. 3. 521 (1842) ! (Tab. CXLYIII.) 
Hab. In Himalaya temperata. Kunawur ad Yuerpo, 
in sylvis, Jacquemont, n. 484. Sikkim, alt. 12,000 ped., 
J. D. Hooker. Mourn, Boyle, n. 138. In bumidis 
subalpinis. Alatau, ad fluv. Sarcban, Karelin et Kiri- 
low. 
Radix repens. Culmus 1-2-ped., subvalidus, lsevis. Folia 
i-A fin. lata, subulata, canaliculata, Isevia, culmo breviora. 
Spica 8 lin. longa, sub-2 lin. lata, basi flosculis foemineis 2-8 
apice masculis pluribus imbricatis instructa. Squama lan¬ 
ceolate : masculse acuminate, acute: foeminese inferiores 
cuspidate; infima spicam subsequante: superiores muticse. 
Perigynium 4 lin. longum, \ lin. latum. Achenium 11 bn. 
longum, -Aj bn. latum, longo-ebipticum, triquetrum, pallidum, 
racheola 3 bn. longa bneari-ligulata cibata antice instructum. 
A ffin is C. pauciflorce, Light. 
The few specimens of this species found by Dr. Royle were too 
young to exhibit the reflexed perigynium. I have figured one of 
them (the smallest figure with two leaves), the other figures being 
from Dr. Hooker’s specimens. I have no hesitation in referring 
G. macrorhyncha to the plant of Nees, though it is described as 
having only two stigmata. An authentic specimen in Herb. 
Banks has three stigmata; and M. Spach informs me the same 
number are observable in the specimens in the Herb. Mus. Paris. 
139. C. olivacea (Boott); spicis 6-8 vel pluribus (14) 
fuscis cylindricis elongatis erectis, terminalibus 2 mascu¬ 
lis ferrugineis, vel apice masculis, aliis 2-3 minoribus 
masculis proxime sitis, reliquis foemineis fusco-olivaceis 
concoloribus, superioribus (vel omnibus) apice masculis 
alternatim approximatis evaginatis, infima remota Ion- 
